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（二）听对活和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。

【第7句】： A. Only Anna. B.Only Tony.

C. Both Anna and Tony.

D. Neither Annanor Tony.

【第8句】： A. Tom’s watch B.Mary’s watch.

C. the woman’s watch. D. Your watch.

【第9句】： A. This morning. B.This evening

C. Tomorrow afternoon. D.Tomorrow evening.

【第10句】： A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D.Five.

【第11句】： A. He can play the piano with his feet.

B. He can playthe trumpet with his nose

C. He can playthe guitar with his nose.

D. He can playthe trumpet with his mouth.

【第12句】： A. In 19【第55句】： B.In 19【第53句】：

C. In 19【第65句】： D. In 19【第45句】：

【第13句】： A. She is going there by plane.

B. She is going there for 2 days.

C. She is goingthere for 7 days.

D.She is going there for 2 weeks.

【第14句】： A. Lie down and rest.

B. Take some medicine.

C. See a dentist.

D.See a doctor.

【第15句】： A. Make a milk shake.

B.Buy a milk shake.

C. Drink somemilk shake.

D. Eat an apple.

（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。

【第16句】： I had no class on Monday.

【第17句】： In the morning, I helped my mother do chores.

【第18句】： I swept the floor, took out the trash and do the dishes.

【第19句】： In the afternoon, I bought a shirt and my sister boughta sweater.

【第20句】： Movie Palace has the most comfortable seats of allin our city.

请同学们翻到第Ⅱ卷，先找到第五大题的A）部分。你们将有5秒钟的准备时间。

语言知识运用部分（共25分）

【第2句】：单项选择（共15分，每小题1分）

请你从四个选项中选出能够填入空白处的最恰当的选项。

【第21句】： — How did you feel just now?

—We all felt_______after we knew the _______ news.

A. excited; excited B.excited; exciting

C. exciting; exciting

【第22句】： —Though Mike is a _______boy, he can say many words.

—How clever!

A. two-years-old B. two-year-old

C.two years old

【第23句】： I feel tired, but I don’t want to stop _______.

A. working B. to work

C. works

【第24句】： He is _______ small _______ to school.

A. too; go B. can’t; go

C. too; togo

【第25句】： You are right. We all agree _______ you.

A. to B. for C. with

【第26句】： Han Wenda is very funny and he often makes his classmates_______.

A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh

【第27句】： The music _______ beautiful.

A. sounds B.feels C.hears

【第28句】：—Jane, can you play _______ baseball?

— No, I can’t. But I can play _______ violin.

A. the; the B./; the C.the; /

【第29句】： Liu Dehua, Zhou Jielun and Lin Junjie are famous _______their pop songs.

A. as B.for C. with

【第30句】： They _______ some books from the library last week.

A. lent B.lends C. borrowed

【第31句】： Class was over, but some students continued _______in the classroom.

A. to study B.studied C. studies

【第32句】： Wang Yanbo’s mother is fond of _______.

A. cook B.cooker C. cooking

【第33句】： Why _______ go out for a walk after supper?

A. don’t B.didn’t C.not

【第34句】： I don’t know _______ he will come or not tomorrow.

A. whether B.when C.what

【第35句】： —_______ Li Lei _______to go swimming in the river?

— No, it’s very dangerous.

A. Used; to B. Did; use C. Did; used

【第3句】：完型填空（共10分，每小题1分）

先通读短文，掌握大意，然后根据短文内容从后面的选项中选出适合空白处的正确答案。

Mobile phonesare becoming more and more popular not only with grown—ups but also with students.Meanwhile, they also have become a 36 for middle schools in the past few years.Some children have got mobile phones as Christmas or birthday gifts, and more will 37 wantthem.

Many like SMSbecause it is easy and 38_ . Some parents felt happy because theycould get in touch 39 theirchildren. Some teachers said mobile phone use was a distraction（分心的事）to students duringschool hours and it also gave them much 40 in their classrooms. Sometimesstudents 41 use phone messages to cheat（作弊）during exams. A newstudy found that some teenagers sent messages in class even hurt their fingers becausethey couldn't stop__42 SMS.

Many teacherssuggested that students should not have phones at school, 43 if there was a good reason; they could 44 theirphones at school office. Many people think they understand 45 parents would want their children to have them,but they agree schools should let the students know when they can use their mobilephones.

【第36句】： A. reason B. question

C. problem D.result

【第37句】： A. still B.yet

C. already D. too

【第38句】： A. quickly B. quick

C.hurry D. sharp

【第39句】： A. against B. on

C.with D. to

【第40句】： A. business B.information

C. things D. trouble

【第41句】： A. dare B.have to

C. should D. might

【第42句】： A. using B.to use

C. used D. used to

【第43句】： A. and B.but

C. though D. however

【第44句】： A. miss B.leave

C.lie D. fetch

【第45句】： A. whether B.because

C. why D. since

阅读部分（共15分）

【第4句】：阅读理解（共15分，每小题1分）

(A)

CCTV—1

……

18: 10 Children’s Programme

19: 00 News

19: 30 Weather Report

19:40 On TV Next Week

20:00 TV Play: Mother

22: 35 Talk Show

23:30 Around the World

00:00 English for Today

……

CCTV—4

……

18: 10 English Classroom

18: 40Animal World

19:10 TV Play: Monkey King

20: 10 Around China

20: 40China Today

21:00 Sports

22: 00 English News

22: 30 Foreign Arts

……

【第46句】： You are a footballfan. You may watch at.

A. 19:40 on CCTV—1

B. 22:35 on CCTV— 1

C. 19:10 on CCTV—4

D. 21:00 on CCTV—4

【第47句】： If you wantto know something about Australia, which programme is the best?

A. Weather Report B. Animal World

C.Around the World D. China Today

【第48句】： How long doesthe TV play "Monkey King" last?

A. 30 minutes. B. 50 minutes.

C.60 minutes. D. 45 minutes.

【第49句】： You can watchif you want to learn English on TV.

A. English news B.English Classroom

C. English for Today D. A, B& C

【第50句】： The longestprogramme listed (所列) below is _ .

A. China Today B.TV play: Mother

C Talk show D. Sports

(B)

In class, theteacher told the students not to draw on the wall in order to keep it clean.

After class,Jim forgot all that the teacher had said. He took a piece of chalk and drew a man on the wall. Just then he noticedthat the teacher was coming. He quickly coveredhis drawing with his back.

The teacher didn'tfind out what he was doing. When he passed, he touched Jim on the head. Jim wasvery frightened and said in a low voice, “Good morning, Sir!"

The teacher smiledand went away. Jim was happy. When he turned to see his drawing, he

found nothing on the wall.

“Where is mydrawing?”

You see the drawingwas on his back!

【第51句】： Why did the teacher ask the students not to draw onthe wall?

A. Because hewanted to keep the wall clean.

B. Because theywere having a class.

C. Because hewanted the students to do their homework.

D. Because he didn'tlike the students.

【第52句】： The teacher didn't find out what Jim was doing, didhe?

A. Yes, he did. B. Yes, he didn’t.

C. No, he didn’t. D. No, he did.

【第53句】： What did Jim draw after class?

A. He drew an apple.

B. He drew a man.

C. He drew a big tree.

D. He drew the teacher.

【第54句】： Jim covered his drawing because .

A. the teacherwas coming

B. he didn't drawit well enough

C. he didn't wanthis classmates to see it

D. he didn't likethe teacher

【第55句】： Which of the following is NOT true according to thepassage?

A. Jim noticedthat the teacher was coming when he was drawing.

B. Jim was frightenedwhen he saw the teacher.

C. Jim askeda man to wipe it out (擦掉).

D. Jim wipedit out with his back without knowing it.

(C)

New rules andbehavior standards (行为规范) for middle school students came out in

March. Middle school is going to use a new way to decidewho the top students are. The best students won't only have high marks. They willalso be kids who don't dye (染) their hair, smoke or drink.The following are some of the new rules.

Tell the truth.Have you ever copied someone else's work on an exam? Don't do it again! That's notsomething an honest (诚实的) student should do. If you have played computer games for twohours in your room, don't tell your parents you have done homework.

Do more at school.Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird—Loving Monthin China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! That way,you can learn more about animals and how to protect them. When more people worktogether, it makes it more fun for everyone.

Have you everquarreled with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working togethercan make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to thinkof others, not only yourself.

Be open to newideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Don't look downon new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because newideas make life better for everyone.

Protect yourself.Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it

happen to you. If you have to go home late, you should let yourparents know.

Use the Internetcarefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things onthe Internet aren't for kids, so try to look at Web pages that are good for you.You can use the

Web for fun or homework.Can't you find any good Web sites for children? Here are some:

http: //www. eastday.com http: //www. chinakids. net. com http: //www. cycnet. Com

【第56句】： The school new rules will help kids by telling them .

A. how they can studywell

B. what they shoulddo at school

C. what is right andwhat is wrong

D. how they can protectthemselves

【第57句】： According to the passage, which of the following isNOT true?

A. Take careof yourself when you are out.

B. Tell the truth,even when you are wrong.

C. Keep someanimals to protect them.

D. Use the Internet,but keep away from bad things.

【第58句】： The main idea of the fourth paragraph is about____.

A. making the teamstronger

B. working togetherwith others

C. being a good friendto others

D. getting on wellwith others

【第59句】： Good Web sites for children can____.

A. be a waste of time

B. help them withtheir studies

C. do homework forthem

D. make life easier

【第60句】： The passage tells us how to____.

A. be top students

B. do more at school

C. care for others

D. use the Internet

第Ⅱ卷非选择题50分

【第5句】：阅读短文还原句子（共5分，每小题1分）

阅读短文，根据上下文意思，将方框中的句子还原到短文中适当位置，使其通顺完整

并将其字母代号填写在指定位置上。

A. They are so interested in making the "unreal friends" that they can't put their hearts into study.

B. It is about twenty—five years later than computers.

C. The first computer was made in 19【第46句】：

D. We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world.

E. Many students like the Internet very much.

Today almosteveryone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you "What is the most importantin your life?" maybe you will say "Computers and the Internet."

【第61句】： _ _ It was very big but it worked slowly.Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But they work faster and faster.What can computers do? A writer has said, "People can't live without computerstoday."

The Internetcame a little later than computers.【第62句】：____But now it can be found almost everywhere.We can use it to read books, write letters, do shopping, play computer games ormake friends.

【第63句】：They often go into the Internet as soonas they are free. They make friends on the

Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends.They don't know their real names, ages, and even sex.【第64句】：Many of them can't catch up with otherson many subjects because of that.

【第65句】：But at the same time, we should rememberthat not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.

【第6句】：完成句子（共10分，每小题2分）

根据中英文提示，完成句子。请将答案写在指定位置上。

【第66句】： 为什么不把正确的单词写下来呢？

___ _ the correct words?

【第67句】： 抱歉，我错拿了你的笔。

___ _ your pen by mistake.

【第68句】： 当我正要出门的时候，电话响了。

The telephonerang________.

【第69句】： 捕杀动物和砍伐树木都是不对的。

___ _ kill animals or cut down trees.

【第70句】： 你学英语学了多久了？

___ _ English?

【第7句】：口语交际（共10分，每小题2分）

根据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

A. You're welcome.

B. Which bus shall I take'?

C. I don't know.

D. Please ask that man over there.

E. Can I take a bus to get there?

Victor: Excuse me, madam. Could you please tell me theway to Xuanwu Hospital?

Woman: Sorry, 【第71句】： I'm new here. 72 .

Victor: Excuse me, sir. How can I get to Xuanwu Hospital?

Man: Go on and take the third turning on the left. Andyou'll be in front of the gate of the hospital.

Victor: 73 .

Man: Yes, you can.

Victor: 74 .

Man: You can take a No. 10 bus.

Victor: Thank you very much.

Man : 75 .

【第8句】：阅读与表达（共10分，每小题2分）

Three years ago,Mr. Brown retired (退休). He returned to his hometown with his wife. Bad

luck! The old woman died five months ago and now he hadto live in the small town alone. His sonJack asked him to live with them in the city ,but he refused .He hated the noisylife there .He had some new friends and thought he enjoyed himself .So the youngman bought a nice vat (缸)with about fifty goldfishes（金鱼）in it .They couldnever make any noise in the night and his father could have a good sleep.

Mr. Brown likedthe goldfishes and took good care of them. He bought some books and did all what’ssaid in them. He often told his friends about his goldfishes and they went to visitthem. He was very happy.

A few days later,the old man looked worried. A cat of his neighbor's stole ( 偷 ) his goldfishesat night. He tried to catch it, but he couldn't. He had to sleep near the vat. Itmade him very tired. So the angry old man went to a shop and said, "Excuseme, sir. Where can I buy a shark, please?" "Oh?" the man in the shopsaid in surprise. "What do you have it for?" "I want to teach thecat a lesson (教训) ! "

根据短文内容回答问题。

【第76句】： Why did Mr. Brown return to his hometown after he retired?

【第77句】： Who bought the goldfishes?

【第78句】： Did Mr. Brown like the goldfishes?

【第79句】： What made Mr. Brown very tired in the daytime?

【第80句】： What did Mr. Brown want a shark to do?

【第9句】：书面表达（共10分）

假如你叫李楠，你的网友王丹得知你的英语学得很好，昨天她给你发了一封电子邮件请你介绍一下学好英语的成功经验。请你根据下面的提示，用英语给王丹回一封电子邮件。（60词左右。）

提示：【第1句】： 早晨读英语；【第2句】： 上课认真听讲、做笔记 take notes;【第3句】：空余时间和朋友练习说英语 practice speaking English;【第4句】： go over 复习；【第5句】： 放学回家看英语新闻，每晚坚持写英语日记 keep an Englishdiary 和睡前听英语。【第6句】： 电子邮件的开头、结尾已给出（不算在总词数内）

Dear Wang Dan,

I got your letter yesterday. Now I'd like to tell you how I study Englishevery day.

______________________________________________________________________________

Maybe it's not easyto learn English well, but nothing is difficult if you try your best.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Nan

听力材料

【第1句】：听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。

请看第一组的四幅图片，听三个句子，完成第1至第3小题。

【第1句】： I stayed at home and watched the football matches allthe day.

【第2句】： Alice goes to school by bike every day.

【第3句】： I am babysitting my little brother this weekend.

请看第二组的四幅图片，听三个句子，完成第4至第6小题。

【第4句】： Tommy is going to move to London. He is going to takecomputer lessons there.

【第5句】： My cousin has the best clothing store in our city.

【第6句】： She likes to walk in the rain with an umbrella.

【第2句】：听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。

【第7句】： M: What’s your new year’s resolution, Anna?

W: I’m going totake guitar lessons. And you, Tony?

M: me, too. Butwe need to buy two guitars first.

Question: Who is going to take guitar lessons?

【第8句】： W: Oh, Tom, your watch is so beautiful. How much isit?

M: Thanks, Mary.It’s150 yuan. What about yours?

W: Oh, my watch is 120 yuan.

Question: Whosewatch is more expensive?

【第9句】： W: Could you help me with my party, Jack?

M: Sure, whenis your party, Cindy?

W: Tomorrow evening.

Question: When willCindy have a party?

【第10句】： M: How should we make the fruit salad?

W: We need twoapples, three bananas, five strawberries and some yogurt.

M: OK, I’ll buythem after breakfast.

Question: Howmany bananas do they have?

【第11句】： M: Who do you think is the most creative?

W: I think Jackis. He can play the trumpet with his nose.

Question: Whatcan Jack do?

【第12句】： M: When was Bill Gates Born?

W: He was bornin 19【第55句】：

Question: When wasBill Gates born?

【第13句】： M: Where are you going for vacation?

W: I’m goingto Hainan for two weeks.

M: Great. Howare you going there?

W: I’m goingthere by plane.

Question: How longis the woman staying in Hainan?

【第14句】： W: I’m not feeling well. Oh… Oh…

M: What’s the matter,Judy? Do you have a cold?

W: Oh, no. I havea toothache.

M: You should seea dentist.

Question: What shouldJudy do?

【第15句】： M: Ted is coming to my home. I would like to make amilk shake.

W: Good idea.

M: But I don’t knowhow to make it.

W: Let me show you.

Question: What arethey going to do?

【第3句】：听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。

Yesterday was Sunday.I had no class. In the morning, I helped my mother do chores. I swept the floor,took out the trash, made the bed and did the laundry. After lunch, I went shoppingwith my sister. We went to many clothing stores and thought Trendy Teens had thebest quality clothing. So I bought a sweater and my sister bought a skirt. In theevening, I went to Movie Palace to watch a movie with my friends. I like this movietheater, because it has the most comfortable seats of all in our city.

参考答案

第Ⅰ卷选择题50分

【第1句】：听力

1—【第5句】： CDBAD 6—【第10句】：CCADB 11—【第15句】： BADCA 16—【第20句】： BABBA

【第2句】：单项选择（共15分，每小题1分）

【第21句】：B 【第22句】：B 【第23句】：A 【第24句】：A 【第25句】：C 【第26句】：B 【第27句】：A 【第28句】：B

【第29句】：B 【第30句】：C 【第31句】：A 【第32句】：C 【第33句】：C 【第34句】：A 【第35句】：B

【第3句】：完型填空（共10分，每小题1分）

【第36句】：C 【第37句】：A 【第38句】：B 【第39句】：C 【第40句】：D 【第41句】：D 【第42句】：A 【第43句】：B

【第44句】：B 【第45句】：C

【第4句】：阅读理解（共15分. 每小题1分）

A篇 【第46句】：D 【第47句】：C 【第48句】：C 【第49句】：D 【第50句】：B

B篇 【第51句】：A 【第52句】：C 【第53句】：B 【第55句】：A 【第55句】：C

C篇 【第56句】：C 【第57句】：C 【第58句】：B 【第59句】：B 【第60句】：A

第Ⅱ卷非选择题50分

【第5句】：阅读短文还原句子（共5分，每小题1分）

【第61句】： C 【第62句】： B 【第63句】： E 【第64句】： A 【第65句】： D

【第6句】：完成句子（共10分，每小题2分）

【第66句】： Why not writedown…

【第67句】： I’m sorryto take…

【第68句】： …while Iwas going out

【第69句】： It's notgood to…

【第70句】： How longhave you studied／learned…

【第7句】：口语交际（共10分，每小题2分）

【第71句】： C 【第72句】： D 【第73句】： E 【第74句】： B 【第75句】： A

【第8句】：阅读与表达（共10分，每小题2分）

【第76句】： Because thelife there is quiet. 【第77句】： Jack. / Mr. Brown'sson./The young man.

【第78句】： Yes, he did.／Yes. 【第79句】： He had to look after the goldfishes at night.

【第80句】： He wanteda shark to eat the cat.

【第9句】：书面表达（共10分）

One possible version

Dear Wang Dan,

I got your letter yesterday. Now I'd like to tell you how I study Englishevery day. I hope it may help you. I love English very much. So every morning Iget up early and read English aloud, I think it's easy to remember things in themorning. In class I listen to my teachercarefully and take the important notes. After class I often go over the notes. WhenI’m free, I always practice speaking English with my friends. I think it's a goodway to improve our spoken English. After school, the first thing I usually do iswatching English news. I've learned many new words and read many interesting storiesthat way. I keep an English diary every night. Before I go to bed I always listento English. So I am good at listening and writing.

Maybe it's not easy to learn English well, but nothing is difficult if youtry your best.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Nan

怎么教一年级学生划分句子的停顿

对一年级学生来说，任何知识的获取都是从无到有的开始，都是基础的奠定。标点符号的使用无疑也是一大难点。而学会划分句子的停顿是正确使用标点符号的基础。下面小徐老师就讲讲一年级小朋友怎样划分句子的停顿，在语言中各种停顿都用什么标点符号。

【第1句】：在句子中起起停顿作用的符号叫“点号”，点号包括：顿号、逗号、分号、句号、问号、叹号等。

【第1句】：顿号

顿号用在并列的词或词组之间，是句子中最小的停顿。常用于罗列几种性质相似或相近的几种事物。

例如：

妈妈买了苹果、香蕉、梨子和桃。

花园的花都开了，有大红的、粉红的、黄的、白的、紫的……美丽极了。

超市卖的薯条、饼干、果冻等零食，我都爱吃。

但是并列性的词或词组在句子中表达陈述对象“怎么样”或者“干什么”时，不能用顿号，而要用逗号。

例如：

小红的字写得端正，美观。

这个故事讲得真实，生动。

一年级的小朋友要爱学习，讲礼貌，爱劳动。

【第2句】：逗号和句号

逗句是最常用的停顿符号，常常用于一句话没有说完时的一般性停顿，是一句话中较小的停顿。而句号则用于一句话意思表达完整了后的停顿。

例如：

春风吹绿了小草，吹开了杏花。青蛙从冬眠中醒来，燕子也从南方飞回来了。

此句有两句话组成，前一句话说的是春天的植物变化，第二句说的是动物变化，所以两句说的意思不一样，因此头一句话意思表达完整用句号，而前后两个完整的句子的前后两部分共同表达一个意思，所以中间的停顿用“逗号”。

再如：

大扫除时，同学们有的拿起扫把扫地，有的用抹布擦玻璃，还有的摆桌子。而小明同学则拿起板擦擦起了黑板。

此句同样由两句话组成，前一句总写同学们大扫除时的状况，分别罗列了三部分所干的活儿，共同表达大部分同学都在做什么。因此用中间用“逗号”隔开，结尾用“句号”表达总写结束。后一句特写“小明”，因此独立成句。

【第2句】：分清句子的语气，正确使用“句号”“问号”和“叹号”。

同样是一句话说完，表达一个完整的意思，但是语气不同，标点符号也不同。

【第1句】：陈述语气

指语气平和，多用于对人、事、物的陈述，基本不带任何感情，此时句尾用“句号”，表达陈述语气。

例如：

小明是我的朋友。

我们都是爱学习的好孩子。

我今年六岁了。

今天是星期六。

【第2句】：疑问语气

句子里表现的意思是疑问，此时句尾用“句号”，表达疑问语气。

例如：

你吃饭了吗？

你还不去上学吗？

我们能一起走吗？

小明该来了吧？

他怎么还不来上学呢？

【第3句】：感叹语气

当句子表示强烈的“喜、怒、哀、乐、惊”情感，且有时句子中间有“真”“多么”，句尾有语气词“啊”“呀”“啦”等表加强语气的词时，句尾要用“感叹号”，表达感叹语气。

例如：

这里的风景真美啊！

你真聪明！

这花开得太美啦！

这西瓜太甜啦！

我是多么激动啊！

另外，在祈使句中，表命令或禁止等强烈的语气时，也用感叹号结尾。

例如：

住手！

不准乱扔垃圾！

请你自重！

【第3句】：当引用人说的话时，学会正确使用冒号和引号。

当直接引用说话人说的话时，一年级小朋友一定不要忘了将说话人和所说的话用“冒号”隔开，并用“双引号”将所说的话引起来。如下图所示：

在我们学习课文时，要反复引导孩子去观察文中人物说话时，标点符号的正确运用。

例如：

综上所述，一年级的小朋友能掌握以上几个标点符号的正确运用就可以了，并且在阅读和课文学习中要引导孩子去观察标点符号的运用，并在看图写话中勤加锻炼，弄清句子的停顿大小和点号的搭配，再正确分清语气的不同，基本标点符号就不会出大错了。

亲爱的小朋友们，你们学会了吗？多多练习一下吧。

八年级上册物理人教版必考实验题有哪些

我是一名初中物理老师，如果你指的是新人教版八年级物理的话，我可以给你说说。不过八年级上册物理在中考中的考查不多，因此，我就按照期末考试来给你说一说。

第一章机械运动，实验只有一个，但在期末考试中经常出现，而且难度中等偏上，学生得分率不高。①测量小车的平均速度。实验原理V=S/T，实验主要器材刻度尺和秒表，实验要求斜面坡度小一点，这样便于计时。除了这些，还会考查速度的具体计算，一定注意单位，因为实验中长度一般用的是厘米，而速度单位一般用米每秒！

第二章声现象，有两个实验，期末考试出现频率不高，难度较小，②声音的产生和传播，特别注意声音是由振动产生的，但振动一般不明显，实验中如何观察出来？用到了一种很重要的实验方法：转换法。

③响度和音调的区分，一般用一把尺子，一次控制尺子伸出桌面长度不变，改变拨动尺子的力度。一次控制力度不变，改变伸出长度。

第三章物态变化，有2个必考实验，一般这两个实验期末考试会2选1，试题难度适中。④晶体熔化和凝固实验⑤水的沸腾。

晶体熔化条件：达到熔点，继续吸热。

晶体熔化特点：继续吸热，温度不变。

水的沸点不一定是100℃，如果当地大气压低于标准大气压，沸点就会低于100℃。沸腾时气泡从底部往上是由小变大。实验中温度计玻璃泡不能接触容器底和容器壁。如果要缩短加热时间，可以用热水代替冷水，给容器加盖，减少水的质量。

第四章第五章光现象和透镜。主要实验有三个，难度较大，考点繁多，尤其是⑦⑧两个实验，不容易全面复习⑥光的反射⑦平面镜成像⑧凸透镜成像

平面镜成像考点无敌多：

两个完全相同的蜡烛，比较物与像是否等大，这是等效替代法。

用玻璃板不用平面镜，因为用玻璃板既可以看到蜡烛B，又可以看到蜡烛A的像，便于确定像的位置。

用薄一点的玻璃板，在较黑暗的环境实验，

刻度尺作用，比较物与像到玻璃板的距离是否相等。

白纸的作用，以及白纸上留下的实验痕迹如何处理。

放一张白纸在玻璃板后面，白纸上不能没有像，虚像。把蜡烛远离玻璃板，像的大小不变。

凸透镜成像相对考点要少很多，不过如果不真正的动手实验，会很难理解。

第六章质量与密度，有两个实验，是期末考试必考实验，有时难度会很高，是压轴题。⑨测量小石块的密度⑩测量盐水的密度。

之所以说是压轴题，是因为常规的题目，用天平测质量，用量筒测体积，考的很少了。

很多题目要求中有少了量筒或天平，让你测量密度，这样的题目，对八年级的同学来说很难接受。

一年级的语文作业要求写句子，合理吗

仿写句子，也是一年级的一个重要内容。

一年级，除了字词之外，写句子当然需要开始慢慢练习了。不过一般地，都是先从补充句子开始的。当然一些要求比较高的学校，写句子是必须的。甚至，看图作文都已经出现了。

第一类：仿写句子

照样子写句子，这是最初的写句子类型。

第二类：按照句子的要素写，这个要求稍微高一些。

但是可以为后面的看图作文做铺垫。

四要素交代清楚，就是一个比较好的句子了！

逐步地练习扩充句子，是一年级孩子写句子的基本方法。先从简单地三要素开始写起，接着再到四要素。

期末考试题举例：

第十一题是句子仿写:

我们可以仿写---

爸爸讲故事。

爸爸修桌子。

第十三题，是一个看图写话。

首先是填人物，地点等，最后想象一下主人公说的是什么？

如果一开始孩子写句子有点困难，这是非常正常的现象。

大部分情况是孩子对句式的感觉还不够好，另外一个原因是有些字孩子还不会写。这都会给孩子写句子带来困难。建议家长多陪着孩子，在ta卡住的时候给一些提示。或者是问问孩子是如何想的，如果碰到不会写的字，应该怎么办。

总之，一年级上册开始写句子，是非常正常的事情，不要畏难，加油吧！

八年级上册新版语文书全部古诗，不要人教版的，哪有

部编新语文教材，响应重视传统文化的号召，文言文及古诗词选入教材的数量呈逐年级增长的趋势。特别是部编八年级上册必背古诗词共计17篇，与现代文平分秋色，极大的显示了文言文在语文中的重要地位，理应引起同学们足够的重视。

如下图所示七至九年级必背文言文（含2018年新增10篇）：

题主所问八年级上册新版语文书全部古诗列举如下：

部编版八年级（上）

《三峡》（全文必背）

南北朝·郦道元（节选）

自三峡七百里中，两岸连山，略无阙处。重岩叠嶂，隐天蔽日。自非亭午夜分，不见曦月。

每至晴出霜旦，林寒涧肃，常有高猿长啸，属引凄异，空谷传响，哀转久绝。故渔者歌曰:“巴东三峡巫峡长，猿鸣三声泪沾裳。”……

《答谢中书书》（全文必背）

南朝·陶弘景

山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，神流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹,四时俱备。晓雾将歇,微猿鸟乱鸣；夕日欲颓，沉麟竞跃。实是欲界之仙都。自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。

《记承天寺夜游》（全文必背）

宋·苏轼

元丰六年十月十二日夜，解衣欲睡，月色入户，欣然起行。念无与为乐者，遂至承天寺寻张怀民。怀民亦未寝，相与步于中庭。

庭下如积水空明，水中藻、荇交横，盖竹柏影也。何夜无月？何处无竹柏？但少闲人如吾两人者耳。

《与朱元思书》（全文必背）

南北朝·吴均

风烟俱净，天山共色。从流飘荡，任意东西。自富阳至桐庐一百许里，奇山异水，天下独绝。

水皆缥碧，千丈见底。游鱼细石，直视无碍。急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。

夹岸高山，皆生寒树，负势竞上，互相轩邈，争高直指，千百成峰。泉水激石，泠泠作响；好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶世务者，窥谷忘反。横柯上蔽，在昼犹昏；疏条交映，有时见日。

《野望》（新增必背）

唐·王绩

东皋薄暮望， 徙倚欲何依。 树树皆秋色， 山山唯落晖。 牧人驱犊返， 猎马带禽归。 相顾无相识， 长歌怀采薇。

《黄鹤楼》（必背）

唐·崔颢

昔人已乘黄鹤去，此地空余黄鹤楼。

黄鹤一去不复返，白云千载空悠悠。

晴川历历汉阳树，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。

日暮乡关何处是？烟波江上使人愁。

《使至塞上》（必背）

唐·王维

单车欲问边，属国过居延，

征蓬出汉塞，归雁入胡天，

大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆，

萧关逢侯骑，都护在燕然。

《渡荆门送别》（必背）

唐·李白

渡远荆门外，来从楚国游。

山随平野尽，江入大荒流。

月下飞天镜，云生结海楼。

仍怜故乡水，万里送行舟。

《钱塘湖春行》（必背）

唐·白居易

孤山寺北贾亭西，水面初平云脚低。

几处早莺争暖树，谁家斜燕啄春泥。

乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄。

最爱湖东行不足，绿杨阴里白沙堤。

《孟子·富贵不能淫》（全文必背）

景春曰："公孙衍、张仪岂不诚大丈夫哉？一怒而诸侯惧，安居而天下熄。"

孟子曰:"是焉得为大丈夫乎？子未学礼乎？丈夫之冠也，父之；女子之嫁也，母命之，往送之门，戒之曰：'往之女家，必敬必戒，无违夫子！'以顺为正者，妾妇之道也。居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道；得志，与民由之；不得志，独行其道。富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。"

《孟子·生于忧患》（全文必背）

舜发于畎亩之中，傅说举于版筑之间，胶鬲举于鱼盐之中，管夷吾举于士，孙叔敖举于海，百里奚举于市。

故天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。

人恒过，然后能改；困于心，衡于虑，而后作；征于色，发于声，而后喻。入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡。 然后知生于忧患而死于安乐也。

《愚公移山》（全文背诵）

先秦·列御寇 （节选）

太行、王屋二山，方七百里，高万仞，本在冀州之南，河阳之北。 北山愚公者，年且九十，面山而居。惩山北之塞，出入之迂也，聚室而谋曰：“吾与汝毕力平险，指通豫南，达于汉阴，可乎？”杂然相许。……

《饮酒》（必背）

东晋·陶渊明

结庐在人境，而无车马喧。

问君何能尔，心远地自偏。

采菊东篱下，悠悠见南山。

山气日夕佳，飞鸟相与还。

此中有真意，欲辨已忘言。

《春望》（必背）

唐·杜甫

国破山河在， 城春草木深。

感时花溅泪， 恨别鸟惊心。

烽火连三月， 家书抵万金。

白头搔更短， 浑欲不胜簪。

《雁门太守行》（必背）

唐·李贺

黑云压城城欲摧， 甲光向日金鳞开。

角声满天秋色里， 塞上燕脂凝夜紫。

半卷红旗临易水， 霜重鼓寒声不起。

报君黄金台上意， 提携玉龙为君死。

《赤壁》（必背）

唐·杜牧

折戟沉沙铁未销，自将磨洗认前朝。

东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。

《渔家傲》（必背）

宋·李清照

天接云涛连晓雾，星河欲转千帆舞，仿佛梦魂归帝所，闻天语， 殷勤问我归何处。

我报路长嗟日暮，学诗谩有惊人句，九万里风鹏正举。风休住，蓬舟吹取三山去。

以上全部古诗词原文，同学们快快背诵吧。