天安门导游词

你可以去北京的图书城买一本北京的景点导游词

天安门导游词

这个简单啊：来自：Tiananmen-Platz in PekingDer Tiananmen-Platz ist wohl der berühmteste und weltweit bekannteste Ort in Peking. Oft wird er allerdings in einem negativen Zusammenhang genannt, nämlich als Ort der gewaltsam niedergeschlagenen Proteste von 19

【第89句】： Der Tiananmen-Platz ist für Peking und für China jedoch viel mehr, als ein Synonym für diese Geschehnisse.Größe des Tiananmen-PlatzesDer Tiananmen-Platz ist bereits recht alt, war jedoch bis zum Ende der letzten Kaiserdynastie nicht für das Volk zugänglich. Erst ab 1911 wurde der Platz öffentlich zugänglich und Treffpunkt für die Pekinger.Der Tiananmen-Platz wurde dann in den 1950er Jahren von den damals neuen Machthabern neu gebaut. Die Kommunistische Partei und allen voran Mao Zedong wollte damit in erster Linie einen Ort für Parteiveranstaltungen und Massenaufmärsche bauen.Der Tiananmen-Platz wurde als der größe derartige Platz weltweit gebaut und ist wohl auch heute, mit einer Fläche von fast 40 Hektar, einer der größten Plätze seiner Art. Auf dem Tiananmen-Platz können sich bis zu einer Million Menschen versammeln, was vor allem von der KP Chinas während des Regimes von Mao Zedong genutzt wurde für gewaltige Veranstaltungen.Übersetzung Tiananmen-PlatzDie Übersetzung von Tiananmen auf deutsch ist Platz des himmlischen Friedens. Eigentlich sollte es eher heißen Platz vor dem Tor des Himmlischen Friedens, denn Tienanmen bedeutet genau das, Tor des Himmlischen Friedens oder auch Eingang zum Friedlichen Himmel. Denn chinesische Wörter lassen haben nicht immer exakte deutsche Entsprechungen.Die korrekte Schreibweise ist übrigens Tian"anmen. Übersetzt man die einzelnen Bestandteile des Namens Tiananmen, dann erhält man vielleicht einen besseren Eindruck über dessen Bedeutung:Tian bedeutet auf chinesisch Himmel. An bedeute freidlich oder auch ruhig. Men ist das Tor, die Tür oder der Eingang. Umgebung des Tiananmen-PlatzesNördlich des Tiananmen-Platzes befindet sich das große Tor des Himmlischen Friedens, das dem Tiananmen-Platz seinen Namen gibt. Denn der Platz ist im Grunde nichts weiter als der Vorplatz dieses Tores, das zum alten Kaiserpalast führt. Heute ist der Tiananmen-Platz jedoch inzwischen bekannter geworden als das Tor des Himmlischen Friedens selbst.Mitten auf dem Tiananmen-Platz steht das Denkmal für die Helden des Volkes im Kampf um die Befreiung. Der Tiananmen-Platz wird außerdem umgeben von der Großen Halle des Volkes und dem neuen Nationaltheater. In der Großen Halle des Volkes finden regelmäßig Sitzungen von Vertretern aus allen Provinzen statt. Es ist eine Art Parlament Chinas.Außerdem ist auf dem Tiananmen-Platz im Jahre 1976 ein großes Mausoleum eingerichtet worde, in dem der mumifizierte Leichnam von Mao Zedong öffentlich zugänglich ausgestellt wird. Oft sieht man lange Menschenschlangen vor diesem Gebäude warten. Auch heute noch gibt es in China viele Menschen, die einmal einen Blick auf den ehemaligen Großen Steuerman werfen wollen.

天安门导游词不要废话不要讲过的

55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555

我是学导游的 写个月实习 谁能帮我 整个 天安门 故宫 天坛的导游词 没篇2千字以上 谢谢了

故宫词Lying at the center of Beijing the Forbidden City， called Gu Gong， in Chinese， was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum， it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate， to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen)， which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section， or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section， or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court， fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987， the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.Construction of the palace complex began in 1407， the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was completed fourteen years later in 14

【第20句】： It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan， a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an

【第8句】：6 meters wide base reducing to

【第6句】：66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However， there is one exception. Wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.Nowadays， the Forbidden City， or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy modern civilians. Welcome to the temple of Heaven. (After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China. There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all ,there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you ,the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven. (Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar) The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven ,the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. But why ? The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ,and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being. The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specfic rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held. The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Youngle of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city ,this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth ,the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one. The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices. The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar. (Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar) the Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls ,each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers. On the day of the ceremony ,the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter. (Atop the Circular Mound Alter) we are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace .Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second ,18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of

【第9句】： But why? According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor s abode was on the uppermost tier. Once more look at the round stone in the center. The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals

【第3句】：3 meters ) in circumference ,while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang. Classified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings. Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice. The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace, while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood ,musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven. When the service drew to a close ,the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end ,the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice. It is interesting to note that ,the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance ,since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. The stone ,which is known as the God`s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself. (Proceed northward to pass through the Lattice StarGate) (In front of the Gate of glazed tiles) this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse. It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles. The roofing ,beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. This is the only structure of its kind in china today . the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. Douglas Hurd, a former British foreigh secretary ,once said , “God attends to His affairs on the Cir4cular Mound Altar but stays here. ” Now let` s go in to to see it (Go through the left side door) (In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse) this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse. It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ,and carved wooden doors and windows. It is decorated with colored paintings. Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ,the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.. The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl ” design in relief. We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side. (On the marble terrace of the main hall) the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson ,or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses. To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. Atop it ,up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined. On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon ,constellation, cloud ,rain, wind and thunder. (Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones) Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i. E. the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone. A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ,solid bricks. In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone. If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times. Hence the name. (Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward) (Nine-Dragon Cypress) the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60,000 cypress trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypress. It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world. (In the south of Chengzhen Gate) now we are back again on the Central Axis. This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest. (On the Red Stairway Bridge) entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis. The passage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. The central and the widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare , which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it . The emperor used the path on the east ,which is known as the Imperial Walk. The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough ,there is no walkway left for ordinary people. This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them. Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all . But how so ? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. All in all ,it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing. Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. Here you are in Heaven. (Costume-Changing Terrace) the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or CostumeChanging Terrace. It is located to the east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades. The day before the service ,officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. After the service, the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest) (At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest) this structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest. We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ,the Hall of Prayer

北京导游词一千字

各位团家好，今天我们要参观的是世界上最大的城市中心广场天安场及天安门。

　　天安门广场位于北京市中心。

南北长880米，东西宽500米，占地面积达44万平方米，是当今世界上最城市中心广场。

国家机构按文东武西的格局分列广场两侧。

东边建有国家博物馆，西边是人民大会堂，中间耸立国旗旗杆和人民英雄纪念碑。

毛主席纪念堂在广场南部。

最南端是正阳门及其箭楼。

　　我们现在所在的位置就是皇城的正门天安门。

天安门始建于明永乐十五年(1417年)，原名承天门，取“承天启运，受命于天”之意。

开始时仅是一座三层楼式的木坊。

屡毁屡建，直至清顺治八年(1651年)才重建为xx开间的重檐歇山式顶楼，取“受命于天,安邦定国”之意。

改名为天安门。

天安门除了举行其他盛大仪式之外，也曾经是清朝皇帝举行“金凤颁诏”礼的地方。

每逢冬至去天坛祭天，夏至到地坛祭地，孟春到先农坛 耕，以及皇帝大婚或出兵亲征，都要从天安门出入。

举子们的黄榜也是从此捧出的。

　　现在的天安门城楼在城台正中大门上方挂有一幅巨型毛主席画像。

画像高6米、宽

【第4句】：6米，总重约

【第1句】：5吨。

每年国庆节前都要重新绘制。

第一幅画像的作者是周令钊。

现在画像的工作由北京美术公司的葛小光先生接续。

在城楼重檐正中悬挂的国徽是以周令钊和张仃的创意为基础，最终由梁思成设计完成的，国徽的图案由天安门、国旗、齿轮、麦稻穗和红绶带组成。

城楼内根据开国大典时的环境布置有国画“铁骨傲霜雪，幽香透国魂”及董希文创作的著名油画《开国大典》。

　　城门前面是与故宫内相通的金水河，河上横跨7座汉白玉金水桥，中间5座分别与天安门城楼的5个门洞相对。

正中是供帝后行走的御路桥，两侧为宗室王公行走的皇族桥。

再向外的两座是品级桥，供三品以上官员行走。

最外面位于太庙和社稷坛门前的，是供四品以下官员及其其他人员行走的公生桥。

在金水桥南北两岸各有一对雕刻于明永乐年间的石狮子，东侧的都是雄狮子。

脚踏绣球，象征一统寰宇。

西侧的都是雌狮子。

脚踩幼狮，寓意母仪天下，子孙绵延。

它们都把头微微倾向内侧，以示保护御路保护皇上。

金水河南岸还有一对立于明成化元年高约10米，重达20吨的汉白玉华表，与其对称在天安门内侧也有一对。

华表顶部承露盘上有一小兽，俗称“望天吼”。

其作用是用来警示皇上。

据说华表源于用作路标的表木和听取意见的诽谤木。

现在的华表只是用来起装饰作用。

　　华表以南这条车水马龙的大街就是“中华第一街”——长安街了。

明清时期的长安街东起东单牌楼，西到西单牌楼。

全长十华里号称“十里长街”。

如今的长安街，东起通州，西至石景山，全长42公里。

可谓“百里长街”。

　　长安街过后，由近到远。

首先看到的就是，由曾联松设计的中华人民共和国国旗。

第一面国旗的制作者是国营永茂实业公司的宋树信。

高

【第32句】：6米的旗杆是由特殊处理过的，20年不会腐蚀的无缝钢管分4节组装而成。

　　旗杆的远处广场的中心位置，是新中国第一座大型纪念性建筑——人民英雄纪念碑。

纪念碑以梁思成的设计方案为主，再综合其他3个方案，于1952年8月正式动工兴建，1958年5月1日完工。

通高约38米，碑芯高

【第14句】：7米，重60吨;碑身由413块花岗岩组成;碑座四面镶嵌有8幅巨大的浮雕，内容分别为焚烧鸦片、金田起义、武昌起义、五四运动、五卅运动、南昌起义、抗日游击战争、胜利渡长江。

碑身正面有毛泽东主席亲笔题写的镏金大字“人民英雄永垂不朽”，背面是毛主席起草周总理亲笔书写的碑文。

碑文内容是“三千年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽。

三十年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽，由此上溯到一千八百四十年，从那时起为了反对内外敌人，争取民族独立和人民自由幸福，在历次斗争中牺牲的人民英雄永垂不朽!”