中英文对照导游词

北京天安门 中英文导游词Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps: 1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony) 2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower. 3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed. 4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites. 5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country. Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”. During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities. On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution. The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept. The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west. The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament. The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely. In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration. On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine\\\\a. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper. Tian’anmen Square Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st. Around the Square are several famous buildings: 1 The Great Hall of the People This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features. 2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution These two museums were also built in 19

【第59句】： the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from

【第1句】：7 million years ago to 1919: 1) The Primitive Society(

【第1句】：7 million years ago to the 21st century BC); 2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.); 3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.); 4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 19

【第19句】：) The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 19

【第49句】： 3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 19

【第58句】： in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value. On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai. At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 18

【第40句】： They are: 1) The Burning of Opium in 1840: 2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi; 3) The Revolution of 1911; 4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919; 5) The May 30th Movement of 1925; 6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi; 7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945; 8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 19

【第49句】： This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”. 4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 19

【第76句】： In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 19

【第77句】： The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 19

【第49句】： The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children. Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country. In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him. On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country. Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 19

【第99句】： 各位游客朋友： 我们我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。

大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。

我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。

大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。

（手势，向北指）大家先向这边看。

（稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向）我爱北京--天-安-门。

一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。

除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。

大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。

纪念碑南边的建筑就是毛主席纪念堂，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。

天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。

和她相对着的，（手势，向西指）西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的人民大会堂。

关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。

好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。

拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。

另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。

给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家. 下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。

天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年（1417），最初叫做承天门，取承天启运，受命于天之意。

清顺治八年（1651年）重修而改名天安门，含受命于天和安邦治民的意思。

至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。

天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。

城楼通高

【第34句】：7米。

城台上的大殿宽九楹（

【第62句】：77米），进深五楹（

【第27句】：25米），象征封建帝王的九五至尊。

大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。

南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。

1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。

在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。

皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。

那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢

这位朋友答的对，不是。

大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗

（稍做停顿）让我来告诉大家。

此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫；皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次；新科状元等金殿传胪后，可从中门出宫一回。

除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。

中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。

过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门 好好天安门的设计者是蒯（kuǎi）祥。

蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。

蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。

燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经靖难之役取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。

永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门（初名承天门）等宏伟建筑。

蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。

当时人们尊称他为蒯鲁班。

蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。

天安门是明清两朝历代帝王金凤颁诏的重地，凡遇国家庆典、新帝即位、皇帝结婚、册立皇后，都需要在此举行颁诏仪式。

届时于城楼大殿前正中设立宣诏台。

由礼部尚书在紫禁城太和殿奉接皇帝诏书，盖上御宝，把诏书敬放在云盘内，捧出太和门，置于抬着的龙亭内，再出午门，登上天安门城楼。

然后将诏书恭放于宣诏台上，由宣诏官进行宣读。

文武百官按等级依次排列于金水桥南，面北而跪恭听。

宣诏完毕，就把皇帝诏书衔放在一只木雕金凤的嘴里，再用黄绒绳从上系下，礼部官员托着朵云盘在下跪接，接着用龙亭将诏书抬到礼部，经黄纸誊写，分送各地，布告天下。

这种颁发封建帝王圣旨礼仪的全过程，就叫做金凤颁诏。

好好我国古代有人生四喜的说法，也就是久旱逢甘霖，他乡遇故知，洞房花烛夜，金榜题名时。

现在，问大家一个有意思的问题，哪位朋友知道，金榜题名的金榜张贴在什么地方

（稍停，待游客猜测）到底在哪里呢

请听我下文分解。

明清时代盛行科举制度，每逢殿试后的第三天，新考中的进士们恭立于天安门金水桥南，等候传呼他们进太和殿朝拜皇帝的礼仪，名叫金殿传胪。

当在太和殿传胪唱名后，礼部官员捧着皇帝钦定的黄榜，带领新科状元、榜眼、探花们出午门，再将黄榜放在龙亭内，在鼓乐仪仗的簇拥下抬出天安门，将黄榜张贴于龙门，也就是当时的长安左门外的龙棚里，公布天下，这里就是张贴金榜的地方，长安左门的位置大致是现在的劳动人民文化宫门前东南侧。

天安门历经沧桑，在新中国成立后，更焕发出了耀人的光彩。

1949年的10月1日，毛泽东主席在天安门城楼上向全世界宣布了社会主义新中国的诞生，天安门不再是至高无上的封建皇权的象征，而成为了一个新生的人民民主国家的标志，在国徽图案的中央，我们可以看到这座庄严雄伟的建筑。

建国以后，这里成为国家举行重大庆典活动的场所，特别是每逢国庆，党和国家领导人都要登上天安门城楼主持庆典并和各界群众联欢。

天安门前的金水河又称御河、外金水河。

河上横跨七座石桥，中桥正对天安门的中门，叫御路桥，最宽大，雕龙修饰，供帝、后专用。

两旁桥名王公桥，为宗室王公行走。

外侧的两桥称品级桥，供三品以上官员通行。

以上五桥均为三孔。

位于太庙（今劳动人民文化宫）和社稷坛（今中山公园）门前的单孔石桥，叫公生桥，为四品以下官员过往。

那时门、桥行走等级森严，不得有丝毫触犯。

天安门前，也是明清两代进行秋审和朝审的地方。

封建王朝的最高执法机关--刑部衙门，每年五月要把全国各省被判死刑的囚犯名单汇集起来，敬呈皇帝过目。

八月中旬，皇帝诏令有关官员在天安门前进行最后判决，这叫秋审。

朝审则在霜降后举行，主要终审在北京刑部监狱里关押的死刑犯。

这就是为什么以前被判处死刑的人要秋后问斩。

凡经秋审、朝审判处死刑的人，立即推出虎门--长安右门，押赴宣武门外的菜市口等刑场处决。

因此人们对长安左、右门，有龙门与虎门之称。

即凡出"龙门者，荣登金榜，前程似锦；而押出虎门者，则被终判死罪，毫无生还之望。

长安右门的位置大致是在现中山公园门前西南侧。

在天安门南北门外，分别耸立有一对雕刻精美、挺拔秀丽的云龙华表。

据《淮南子·主术训》记载，远在尧舜时代就有街头设表木的做法，用以王者纳谏，征求民众意见以治天下。

到秦汉时期，表木被改为指路标，叫华表。

后来华表经不断美化，便逐渐演变成为中国独具民族建筑特色的艺术装饰品，深为世人所青睐。

系神话传说中的神异物，用汉白玉石雕成蹲于每支华表顶端的承露盘中，双目炯炯有神，密切注视前方。

于天安门里的 脸朝北，双目紧盯皇宫，名望君出，它提醒皇帝不要迷恋深宫生活，而应及时出宫巡视，以利治理天下。

在天安门外一对华表的 则脸朝南，双目向远方眺望，名望君归。

它时时关注皇帝外巡中的行为举止，如不检点或时间长了，望君归就呼唤帝王不得沉米山水、野趣、而应早日回宫，料理国家大事。

好好天安门金水桥前的这一对大石狮，雕工精绝，造型逼真，威武异常。

它们的双目都紧紧注视着天安门前正中的御道（中轴线），以体现它们是封建帝王忠实的卫士身份。

朋友们来看西边的这一只石狮，它的肚皮上有一个深深的洞，这是怎么回事呢

这里有一个很有传奇色彩的故事，据说明代崇祯十七年（1644年）四月，农民起义军首领闯王李自成攻打北京时，当他率军冲进天安门前的T形广场后，只见皇城的大门--承天门就在眼前。

对此，他愤怒地拈弓搭箭，只听嗖….的一声，正射中承天门匾额的天字，顿时众军喝彩，欢声雷动，随后李闯王收起硬弓，挺枪跃马一直奔金水桥冲杀过去。

突然，桥头的两只大石狮张牙舞爪，凶猛阻挡去路。

闯王见此怒不可遏，挺枪刺去，即刻火花四溅，长枪戳向了一只狮子的腹部。

双狮见势不妙，拖着悲惨的哀鸣声，各自退回了原位。

现在的这个洞，就是枪伤疤了。

朋友们，我们面前的这条街就是有神州第一街美誉的长安街。

长安街，当年从长安左门至东单牌楼，名东长安街；从长安右门至西单牌楼，叫西长安街。

古时东西长安街仅

【第3句】：7公里，有十里长街之称，这是京城历史上有名的天街，其名取自盛唐时代的大都城--长安，含长治久安的之意。

长安街修筑于明朝永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），与皇城同时建造，是明代兴建北京城总体规划的重要组成部分之一。

东西平行走向的长安街，与纵横南北八公里长的御道中轴线，在天安门前正好垂直相交成准确的十字型经纬座标中心点，从而构成了北京城座北朝南，街巷纵横的总体布局。

原东、西长安左、右门前分别均竖有巨型下马碑，上刻官员人等，到此下马。

古代皇宫内是严禁骑马的，除非是金殿传胪时的新科状元，可骑皇帝御赐的高头大马，在长安街上走过，以示皇恩浩荡。

清王朝灭亡后，内城墙中东西两侧的建国门与复兴门在民国二十九年（1940）被打开的。

新中国成立以后，街面被展宽为50-100米，东西长安街的延伸线东达通州，西抵石景山，总长50公里，有百里长街的美称。

大家现在随我通过地下通道去天安门广场，上下台阶时请您注意安全。

（天安门广场） 我们现在处的这个位置是天安门广场，位于北京城的中心。

其南北长880米，东西宽500米，占地面积44万平方米。

可容纳100万人举行盛大的集会、游行，是当今世界上最宏大的城市中心广场和最著名的旅游胜地之一。

在明清时代，天安门广场是一处皇家禁地，由宫墙围护，仅设三门。

即南有大明门（清朝改称大清门，辛亥革命后叫中华门）、东有长安左门、西有长安右门。

三门之间形成一个封闭式的T字形宫廷广场，原是天安门前举行皇家活动的重要场所。

在T形广场的东、西、南三面，当时建有通脊联檐的朝房144间，名叫千步廊，以供场内活动之用。

清代乾隆年间，又在东、西长安左、右门外加筑三座门，严禁行人过往。

那时人们来往于东城和西城之间，需要绕行于大清门以南或地安门以北，极为不便。

在天安门T形广场东、西千步廊外的大片地带，原是明清两代皇家最高官署衙门的集结之地。

如：东侧（今历史博物馆一带）有礼部、户部、吏部、工部、兵部、宗人府、鸿胪寺、钦天监和太医院等中央文职机关。

西侧（人民大会堂一带）设有銮仪卫（御林军）太常寺、通政司和前、中、后、左、右五军都督府等武职机构。

过去有文东武西和东掌生、西掌死之说，指的就是这些关系到人们生死荣辱的封建王朝的最高权力衙门而言。

明清两朝，从天安门T形广场南端的大明门（清时叫大清门，今毛主席纪念堂一带）至正阳门之间，有一块方形场地，宛如棋盘，故有棋盘街之名。

当年人们喜爱在此贩卖风味小吃、小百货，以及表演戏曲、杂耍等，情似庙会，非常热闹。

由于

三孔导游词也太大了吧

我怎么就抽到三孔呢o(≧ o ≦)o

你好，现场模拟导游考试。

分旅游景区讲解能力、导游服务规范与特殊问题处理及应变能力两部分。

旅游景区讲解能力主要考核考生对旅游景区知识的掌握情况及语言组织表达能力，所考旅游景区在考试当天抽签确定；导游服务规范与特殊问题处理及应变能力主要考核考生对工作职责、服务程序与标准的掌握及灵活应用能力，以及对导游过程中遇到的各种特殊问题的处理和应变能力。

所以楼主不要担心，面试时不要紧张就可以

孔庙导游词

Hello! I travel, the reception department"s reque, visits the tour to presence famous city Qufu fellow welcome gues to express warmly welcome. I fortunately accompany the visit for everybody tourguide, is extremely happy, t is we enjoys the udy together the good opportunity. After looked please leave behind the valued suggestion.First, briefly introduces Qufu to everybody the tory, the cultural relic survey.torical city Qufu was our country ancient times the great thinker, the educationalist, the statesman, the literature entire manages family affairs, sage of Kong Zi"s the world hometown, "s native place, Chinese nation"s first ancestor shaft Yellow "s birth place, the capital, discussed the Yin native country, the Lu country capital. Three s five s have four to live the practical ting in here, some more than 5,000 years history. Underground has the rich buried treasure, on has the multitudinous cultural relic. Existing cultural relic 112, including the United Nations to protect the unit, world culture inheritance 3, national protection 4, provincial level 12, other for place city level protection.Heavy center seriously has a three two temples mausoleum, a three mountains two forests temple. The Confucian temple, Confucian Residence, Konglin, the popular name three, have the sacrificial offering China Yuan saint Duke of "s temple, has sacrificial offering Kong Zi first big disciple duplicate saint Yan Hui the temple, the popular name two temples; A mausoleum is Yellow Emperor is born - - the long-lived earthen mound few mausoleums; Three mountains; The Kong Zi place of birth Nepal mountain, Chinese grave group Jiulongshan, small Taishan - - nine (call nine mountains). Two forests are: The world educates the child best mother forest, the Kong Zi parents buries Liang Gonglin; A temple is Li Bai, Du Fu writes poetry, responds, bidding good-bye place, famous writer hole still no matter what national botanical garden Shimen temple.We now look at the Confucian temple.Confucian temple, also called to the Confucian temple, is sacrificial offering Kong Zi and its Madame Qi Guanshi and 72 talented people"s place. The Confucian temple with "s Imperial Palace, the Hebei Che city summer vacation mountain village and calls Chinese three big ancient architectural complexes. The expert delivered four speeches to the Confucian temple: The construction time most remote, greatest, the preservation most complete, the Eastern construction characteristic is most prominent. Is worthy of looking at two questions from the Confucian temple: One is Kong Zi to Chinese and even the Eastern culture tremous contribution; Two is China has the skilled craftsman in the history.The Confucian temple beginning constructs in 478 B.C., the second year which Kong Zi died constructs the temple. Constructs temple three in the Kong Zi former dwelling, exhibits Kong Zi"s clothes, the vehicle, the book and so on, when year old offers sacrifices. All previous dynasties emperor all has the extension to the Confucian temple, counts overhaul 15, center repairs 31 times, the minor repair several hundred time achieves present the scale. The Confucian temple imitates system of the imperial palace construction, divides three groups layouts, nine courtyards, have altogether had house 466, gate pavilion 54, the thing relatively pass through in an axle wire, has nearly thousand, 3

【第27句】：5 Chinese acres, long amounts to two Chinese miles 150 meters. Now saw the Confucian temple is the bright Hongzhi year scale. After the liberation the country allocates funds to service the protection many times. Our country first batch announcement nation cultural relic preservation organ, in December, 1994 included the world culture inheritance, becomes cultural relic unit which the United Nations protected, Confucian temple construction time remote, scale great, integrity of the preserved really was the world to be rare.Shinto. Wan Rengong wall front copal vigorous this Duan Luwei Shinto. In front of the important temple all has the respect quick road which specially opens, is called Shinto.Wan Rengong wall. This gate is Qufu Ming Chengzheng the Nanmen, also is the Confucian temple together gate, on hangs Wan Rengong the wall four large brush-written Chinese characters, is the clear Emperor Qian Long"s imperial brush. It originates from the Kong Zi self-satisfied disciple child tribute. When Lu country congress feudal lord, some people proposed child tribute knowledge broad and profound, may place on a par with Kong Zi, the sub- tribute in the field, stands up immediately said, I may not dare with my Mr.\\\/Mrs. Kong Zi compared to, human"s knowledge is just like a wall, my this wall only has one high, my cher"s wall has the number to be many. Meant that, my knowledge was equal to a shoulder chief is high, clear not any abstruse; Kong Zi"s knowledge has my several fold to be many, passes through the detailed research, the comprehensive discussion, can understand he complete after, crossed the threshold, can see America of the ancestor temple, outside the gate you is blind. The posterity in order to describe Kong Zi"s knowledge profound, wall of number from the master , hundred , thousand seals Kong Zi to the Ming Dynasty emperor is the world civil official host, all previous dynasties king cher, seals the Kong Zi knowledge to have ten thousand , extols the Kong Zi knowledge to have 10,000 eight feet, upward looked, blind goes against, also said this wall deep wall high rampart is extremely firm. These four characters originally write for the bright imperial envoy, Qian Long for expressed he Kong Zi the value, kissed the book Wan Rengong the wall to exchange his imperial brush.Jin Shengyu inspires the work place. This work place constructs at the Ming Dynasty, is expresses the Kong Zi knowledge exquisite and perfect, is similar to entire process which plays music, the integrity is from beginning to end complete. The ancient music is by strikes a gong the start, the clock gets up beginning orderliness also, is strikes Qing to come to an end, the jade inspires the sound which falls for Qing, was called end orderliness also, praises Kong Zi"s knowledge is the collection first accomplishing of the virtuous sages, therefore called Jin Shenger the jade inspires also, the golden sound the clock sound, the beginning, the jade inspires Qing"s sound, the end. This also is the management wants to finish what one starts the idiom origin. Jin Shengyu inspires is the Ming Dynasty storytelling legalist school Hu Zuanzong the topic decides.Two cypress take on. Crosses the jade to inspire work place this stone arch bridge, the thing respectively has a copal, therefore the person two cypress take on. This bridge said that, 泮 the water bridge the basin water is interlinked with the temporary palace nearby, because the historical novel is hopes the water. In the past read book of the Confucius and Mencius, tested the institute of higher education to call to enter hopes, served as an official hopes rises high, made business to hope gets rich, crossed the day to hope prosperously.Discontinues the tablet. Outside the temple wall the thing respectively sets up a stele, in 1191 specially vertical discontinued the tablet, got down the tablet. The west tablet early destroys, east side on this tablet writes the official person to discontinue and so on to this. Under in the past the civil and military officials, the common people common people henceforth passed by discontinue on foot but the line, shows to Kong Zi, the Confucian temple respect.Lattice star gate. The Ming Dynasty constructs, in 1754 repaired, by wooden changed the iron stone. The lattice star gate is the Qian Long imperial brush. Hands down the space galaxy to have the twenty-eight lunar mansions, among, has to govern cultural the star to be called the lattice star, the other name Star , the day inspires the star, contacts with Kong Zi and the space tube culture star, Shuowen melts the aspect he is highest, if the past offered sacrifice to heaven, needed first to offer a sacrifice to Star , had reveres Kong Ruzun the day the view.Too with vitality work place. This work place was the Ming Dynasty in 1544 constructs, extremely approved Kong Zi"s thought, advocated was similar to the outer space universe to be able to nurture the myriad things. Gathering of the world, gathering of the four directions, gathering of the masculine and feminine elements , the name too and the gas is the most basic thing, the universe too and, vitality of the world. Too with the vitality was the Shandong governor once the mill handwritten letter.To Confucian temple work place. The Ming Dynasty constructs to the Confucian temple work place, is the white marble, on plays the part of the flame no. 3 gunpowder tea.German world, Daoist monk"s cap ancient and modern. This Daoist temple thing respectively constructs a very unusual memorial arch to the lining, the wooden angle surrounds, thousand first ten thousand continues, gets down has eight , is called day Long Shenshi, hands down its dignified inspiration, may drive out evilly, is just. East side the memorial arch submits a written statement: The German world, said Kong Zi"s thought advocated is similar to profoundly for humanity"s advantage, the merit can compare with the world. The west memorial arch submits a written statement the Daoist monk"s cap ancient and modern, approves the Kong Zi thought, the means ancient and modern all is the unparalleled crown.When saint gate. Three compound, four circuit intendant all same, central . This naming originates from Mencius, to the ancient times four sages , under Iraqi Yin, the willow tree favored, Kong Zi, Mencius four sages" saint mark inductions is four speeches: clear saint also, Iraqi Yin saint no matter what also, under the willow tree favors sum of the saint also, when Kong Zi saint. When saint extremely approves the Kong Zi thought to advocate prolonged does not fade, is sage which suits the time. Emperor comes Qufu to kowtow the big ritual towards Kong Yaoxing, walks when the saint gate; All previous dynasties spread out the saint male when the birth opens when the saint the gate, besides these two kind of situations, this not easily opens. All walks the quick G gate, the supine wealthy and prominent family.The quick G gate, takes considers it a pleasure to be among the first to read meaning. Kong Zi"s knowledge the Five Classics four books, who first studies who first to have the culture, who first studies who first to have the knowledge, struggles the study, to first reads as by the foresight joyfully.Supine wealthy and prominent family. Praises a Kong Zi"s section of speeches naming according to Yan Hui. Yan Hui said that, road of the master, supine makes up high, drills it to make up firmly. Upwardly approves the Kong Zi knowledge blind to go against, calls to make up high, studies the writings in classical style to be very difficult, calls to make up firmly, is high is not unattainable, is definitely may learn after the endeavor. Yan Hui said master however, friendly are attractive, is abundant I by the article, said me by the ritual. My teacher teaches with skill and patience, teaches me by the culture, executes me by the courtesy.Chinese . In the supine wealthy and prominent family in the alcove has two historical values very high Chinese , is the pavilion is long, (the Han Dynasty place waiter), dying of the government office gate, all is in front of Lu Wangmu guards. is taken by all previous dynasties inscription on stone tablet and bronze scientist, to studies the Han Dynasty clothing and the writing has the important value.Liquid gold bridge, this bridge, with Imperial Palace"s in front of bridge of the same name, calls the liquid gold bridge, also is called the blue water bridge, three arrangements, the green water ripples.Great road gate. Crosses the liquid gold bridge is the Ming Dynasty emperor ordered by the emperor personally the great road gate, takes Confucian analects center the person to be able greatly to say, non- road great person meaning. Kong Zi is an ordinary writer, why becomes the sage? Approved Kong Zi to summarize first the virtuous sages" experience, especially has brought honor to the Yao and Shun soup, road of the civil and military Duke of Zhou. The person can greatly say that, said the person can direct creates all, the non- road great person, certainly is not all direction people, this is praises person"s subjective initiative. The great road hanger-on had two steles, the east side four tablets is the Qufu all previous dynasties evolution will has recorded the Qufu evolution vicissitude history, a Yuan generation of institute stood, the historical data value was very high, the west was scholar out of government employment gentleman the inscription, had the very high calligraphy value.Major and medium gate. The major and medium gate is the Song Dynasty Confucian temple front door, was called center and the gate, Italy for uses Kong Zi"s thought processing question all to be possible to be easily solved. The the Ming Dynasty extension temple renames the major and medium gate, approves Kong Zi"s knowledge is accomplishing of the collection humanity knowledge, center, takes the doctrine of the mean meaning, center correct path of the world, theorem of the commonplace world, center the agonic, is commonplace is not easy. Leaves, is not the correct path, has become the evil road, the crooked gate. Is said is not left is not right, the fair correct path, to front is a doctrine of the mean. Major and medium gate thing two have watchtower two is guards the Confucian temple to use.Same text gate, four big name brands, Confucian temple chart. Enters in the major and medium gate about to have four big tablets. The west bright Hongzhi tablet, says three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues ethics. Right flank the Hongzhi tablet has the the Ming Dynasty talented person Hunan Changsha Li Dongyang to draw up the Confucian temple chart the value to be very high.The Cheng Hua tablet, is the Ming Dynasty Cheng Hua Emperor Zhu Jianshen stands. Some two situations bring to all previous dynasties everybody celebrity"s attention. One is the Cheng Hua tablet character writes, the standardization, the standardization well, exquisitely makes the person, the typeface writing technique to have is world-famous the evaluation; Two, appraises to Kong Zi high, all previous dynasties emperor all has the comment to Kong Zi, appraises high is Emperor Cheng Hua, he Kong Zi"s thought, the means compares with eats meal, puts on the clothes, spends, one day also could not leave, had Kong Zi"s truth and the means, could enable each person to develop his talents, thing it used, its strength, otherwise messed up. Said has road of the Kong Zi to have the world, road of the Kong Zi has not had the world, road of the counter- Kong Zi loses the world. If the inscribed text stated that, Road of the my only Kong Zi, the world on first cannot not have , has road of the Kong Zi then the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues but ethics is just bright, the myriad things take their proper place.. Road of the Kong Zi in the world like cloth , the livelihood of the people daily expense cannot be left vacant for the time being.. Inborn Kong Zi vertical is the saint, lives in the peaceful good justice and humanity, the teacher road emerges, from swims 3000, is continues.Same text gate. Takes the person concentriily meaning of the character same text. Is says works with concerted efforts, unites as one the only then competent good deed industry; The writing must unify, has the unification the writing to be able to record the historical dissemination experience, makes the character to be able at will to mess up. The same text gate is the Kuiwen Geqian important barrier.The Kui article Chinese style pavilion, originally is a library, is the collection books place. Constructed to Song Tianxi two years (in 1018), Jin Zhangzong repaired when changed the Kui article Chinese style pavilion. This unique grand construction, completely is the lignin structure, calls the orphaned example in the Chinese building construction. After several earthquakes, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion has not shaken destroys. The clear Kanghsi 5 years earthquake ten houses but actually have nine, saving has one, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion is gorgeously motionless. The the Ming Dynasty board of personnel Shangshu Li Dongyang has specially written Kuiwen Gefu, approves Kuiwen Ge the construction research value. Is under the porch eastern end this tablet.In front of the pavilion this thing two courtyards stated that, The room sleeps, is place which the sacrificial offering personnel fasts, to bathe. East the courtyard is spreads out the saint male room to sleep the institute, clear Kanghsi, Qian Long offers a sacrifice to when the hole all sleeps in the east room washes the hands and face. West the courtyard is from offers a sacrifice to personnel"s room to sleep. Kong Zi 71 generation of Sun Kongzhao fumigates the temple in Song, Yuan, is bright, the clear five dynasty does obeisance the Confucian temple tablet more than 130 centralisms to mount in the courtyard wall, therefore west the room sleeps calls the tablet courtyard.13 tablets pavilions. This is the Confucian temple sixth enters the courtyard, in the pavilion stands has 55 tablets, is Tang, Song, the gold, Yuan, bright, clear and so on the dynasty stands, its content all is emperor, the imperial envoy does obeisance the hole, to Kong Zi , the appraisal, successively repairs the Confucian temple the record, has the Chinese, is full, Mongolia, eight thinks writing and so on Pakistan article. South north eights five, therefore calls 13 tablets pavilions, because all is authorizes the vertical tablet by emperor, therefore calls the imperial tablet pavilion. East gets up the front row third, 62 alcoves is the Jin Dynasty constructs, is construction which our country extant cannot be seen. Every is seeks with P the edict reason all calls the imperial tablet. P pen Qiang is auspicious, fable Dragon King has nine, it is 8th, it loves the article , is good at carrying a heavy load, the stele has the writing but heavily to suit its characteristic, the image should for the main item, the turtle body, the hawk leg, the snake tail.North east gets up this third alcove is Emperor Kanghsi the vertical tablet. The Beijing Xishan picks the stone passes through Grand Canal, south the economy transports here. The expert calculates this tablet 130,000 catty heavy, along the way sprinkled the hydrogel from Jining, slid on the ice, sometimes one day only walked lies place of the cow. The Qufu book has the stone not to use, must ship in from Beijing, shows emperor to Kong Zi the value. Southeast this courtyard, west Namhkok has a piece all is nobles and ministers repairs the temple, does obeisance the hole the record, the calligraphy value is very high.This courtyard thing respectively has to the lining, east is the Yu essence gate, west is the view Germany gate. Is named , the Xihua gate.The Confucian temple divides into three groups layouts by here, this five, center are together accomplishes the gate, left side is the gold 声门, right side is the jade inspires the gate, again is opens Confucianism toward the west, again is receives Confucianism toward the east. Accomplishes the gate the construction structure is , manipulates strategically. Middle inserts is cancels the heart, about four

孔府孔庙孔林的导游词

女士们

先生们

大家好

我叫任一诺。

今天，由我来带领你们游览“三孔”：孔府·孔庙·孔林。

孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”我有幸担任导游，十分高兴。

我将尽力为大家服务，不足之处，请批评改正。

　　在参观三孔之前，请允许我介绍一下曲阜。

曲阜地处鲁中小区和鲁西南平原的交界处。

大诗人李白曾描写曲阜：“笑夸故人指绝境，山光水色青如兰”。

现在我们参观孔庙。

孔庙位于曲阜城中心，是古代人们为了几年孔子生前的伟大思想宽阔的精神品质所建的一座韵味十足的建筑。

前后九进院落，占地3

【第27句】：5亩，南北长达1公里；共有建筑466间，54座门坊；加之庙内1700余株古树，一个个直冲云天，听说当时谁敢砍倒一棵，就会以杀头处理。

每一棵树，每一个门的名字都含有孔子“仁”的思想。

　　孔府与孔庙毗邻,是孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府第,三路布局,九进院落,共有建筑463间,加上后花园,共占地240亩。

孔府，也称“衍圣公府”。

“衍圣”的意思是说“圣道”、“圣裔”能繁衍接续，　　进入孔府大门，由此向后孔府分为三路，东路建有一贯堂、慕恩堂、孔氏家庙等；西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方，有红萼轩、忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等；中路是孔府的主体建筑，前半部为官衙，后半部为内宅。

　　孔林，是孔子家庭的专用墓地，也是世界上延时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地。

占地三千多亩。

周围垣墙高3米，厚

【第1句】：5米，长

【第14句】：5华里。

林内有各种树木10万多株，数百种植物。

在万木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成群，十分壮观。

　　现在自由活动3小时，可以自行游览“三孔”，也可以进行游戏、野餐等活动，但必须保证卫生。

　　参观“三孔”到此结束了，回到家里时，别忘了说你们还有一个这样导游噢

　　分

介绍孔庙这个地方100字

首先，向大家简要介绍一下曲阜的历史、文物概况。

重中之重有“三孔两庙一陵”、“三山二林一寺”。

孔庙、孔府、孔林，俗称“三孔”，有祭祀中国元圣周公的庙宇，有祭祀孔子第一大弟子复圣颜回的庙，俗称“两庙”；“一陵”是黄帝诞生地－－寿丘少昊陵；“三山”；孔子出生地尼山、汉墓群九龙山、小泰山－－九仙山(又称九山)。

二林是：世界教育孩子最好的母亲孟母林，孔子父母埋葬地梁公林；“一寺”是李白、杜甫作诗、答对、分手处，著名文人孔尚任隐居处国家园林“石门寺”。

我们现在看孔庙。

孔庙，又称至圣庙，是祭祀孔子及其夫人亓官氏和七十二贤人的地方。

孔庙同北京的故宫、河北承德市避暑山庄并称中国的三大古建筑群。

专家对孔庙讲了四名话：建筑时间最久远、最宏大、保存最完整、东方建筑特色最突出。

从孔庙可看出两个问题：一是孔子对中国乃至东方文化的巨大贡献；二是中国在历史上就有能工巧匠。

神道。

“万仞宫墙”前古柏苍劲的这段路为“神道”。

重要的庙宇前都有专开的尊敬灵通之道，称“神道”。

万仞宫墙。

这道门是曲阜明城正南门，也是孔庙的第一道门，上悬“万仞宫墙”四个大字，系清乾隆皇帝的御笔。

它来源于孔子得意弟子子贡。

鲁国大会诸侯时，有人提出子贡的学问博大精深，可与孔子相提并论，子贡在场，马上站起来说，我可不敢与俺老师孔子比，人的学问好比一堵墙，我这道墙只有一仞之高，俺老师的墙有数仞之多。

就是说，我的学问等于一肩膀头子高，一目了然没什么深奥的；孔子的学问有我数倍之多，经过详细的研究，全面的探讨，才能了解他的全部，入了门以后，才能看到宗庙之美，在门外头你是看不到的。

后人为了形容孔子的学问高深，从夫子之墙数仞，到“百仞”、“千仞”到明代皇帝封孔子为“天下文官主，历代帝王师”，封孔子学问有“万仞”，赞颂孔子学问有一万个八尺，往上看，看不到顶，亦说此墙深壁高垒非常坚固。

这四个字原为明钦差所写，乾隆为表示他对孔子的重视，亲书“万仞宫墙”换上了他的御笔。

金声玉振坊。

此坊建于明代，为表达孔子学问精湛而完美，如同奏乐的全过程，自始至终完整无缺。

古乐是以敲钟开始，钟起“始条理也”，是击磬告终，“玉振”为磬落的声音，称“终条理也”，赞扬孔子的学问是集先贤先圣之大成，所以称“金声而玉振也”，“金声”钟的声音，始，“玉振”磬的声音，终。

这也是办事要“有始有终”成语的来源。

“金声玉振”是明代大书法家胡缵宗题定的。

希望能帮到你，满意望采纳哦。

平遥古城的导游词。

一定要快。

诸位游客，大家好。

　　我国历史文化名城平遥就要到了，右前方那高耸的砖墙就是我国现存较为完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。

1997年12月3日，通过决议，将我国云南省、山西省和江苏省列入。

现在大家可以观赏一下古城的远景和比较完整的外观。

　　，历史悠久。

据载：西周时期周宣工为抵御北方游牧民族的侵扰，曾派兵北伐萨犹，并修建了京陵城。

京陵城就建在今平远县城东7公里的京陵衬，京陵二字作为地名一直沿用至今。

这可以说是平遥建城的开端，也是现在乎迢城的前身。

从那时起，至今已有2800年左右历史了。

　　现在这座平遥城始建于何时，历史上没有明确记载。

大约在拓跋陶时，为避名讳，将原来的平陶县改为平遥县．并把县治从别处迁到这里。

建城时间应该是这以后的事。

在漫长的历史岁月中．这里曾有过她的繁华，也曾多次遭受战火的破坏。

我们现在看到的这座城墙，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原来的土城墙加高加厚加砖扩建而成的，明清以来虽曾数次维修，但风格未变。

　 平遥城内古建筑保存很多，像文庙大成殿、清虚观、市楼、城隆庙、武庙戏台等。

就是街道民居．也基本保存明清时代风貌。

漫步街头，还会看到各种古色古香的院门、院埔、精雕细刻的古建筑装饰，甚至还能看到门前的接马石桩、下马石等，一派古城风貌。

　　平遥不仅历史悠久．而且名人辈出。

是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故历史研究所所长、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、著名画家李苟、著名歌唱家等都出生在这片古老的土地上。

平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。

　　(过惠济桥)　　我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。

清代名宿傅山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。

这座桥规模不等大．历史也不算很长，但造型优美．桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。

而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。

下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。

1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的河沙。

水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。

利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。

　　到了．请大家随我上城墙参观。

　　(带游客进“下东门”)　　这里就是乎遥古城的“下东门”。

大家看这高达12米的城墙多雄伟、多壮观。

在城外，本来还有护城河．城门处架有吊桥．在古代战乱的日子里．这的确是一道难以逾越的防线。

　　我们进来后这个地方是下东门瓮城，它是为保卫城门而设立的。

城门是城墙上的薄弱环节，有了瓮城．就大大增强了城池的防卫手段。

这里地方根小，四周为高墙围护，即便敌人攻入瓮城也只能进来少数人，而且立即陷入包围之中，成为瓮中之鳖。

有的瓮城门并不是开在城门对面，而是拐个弯开在旁边．更可防止冲入的敌兵一较作气冲到城门下．通过拐弯来消解敌兵锐气。

这些设计思想都是古人在长期实战经验中总结出来的。

　　大家看．瓮城里还有一个建造讲究而小巧的院落．这是干什么的呢?原来这是一座小关帝庙。

关帝是武圣人．把关庙修进瓮城里，却是平遥人的独特创造。

请大家随我进城，上城墙参观。

　　现在我们已经在城上了，这里本来还有城楼．在战争中毁掉了。

这座建在城墙上的台，传说就是尹吉甫的点将台。

尹吉甫是周宣王的大将，在历史上游藩有名，《律经冲的《较高》、《冠R2等几首诗就是他作的、前面提到的那有名的对北方游牧民族0l犹的北伐，就是由他指挥的。

为了巩固北伐的成果，他还在这里修建了京陵城。

尹吉甫遗迹这里还有多处。

在京陵村附近还有一处村茁叫尹村，传说是尹吉甫当年驻兵酌地方。

在上东门外有尹吉甫募，募前一通明代石碑上大书“周卿士ZJ吉甫神道”八字。

上东门里还有一座纪念尹吉甫的小庙。

　　请大家随我观赏一下古城的建构。

　　(带游客向南浸步．边走边说，约走2—3个墩台即可停下)　　我们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。

比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。

”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫；女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。

民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上．坐在旁边观看。

一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。

为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。

这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。

我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔．这当然是为了实战的需要。

　　大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台．墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。

我们知道．古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。

这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。

有了墩台．就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。

在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。

　　干遥古城除了具备这些共性持点外，还有自己独特的地方。

　　城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩．把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。

据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。

　　乎遥俯视似龟形，历来有龟城之称．据说是取神龟寿水长存之意。

全城六座城门，南门似头，城门和瓮城外门都向南．任龟首自由伸缩，北门似尾，瓮城外门拆而东向，好儡龟尾东甩：东西各二门似龟脚．三座瓮城外门拐向南开，好像神龟正续缓伸腿屈肢向前爬行，只有咱们刚才进来的下东门瓮城外门不向南拐而向东开，传说是伯神龟爬向别处，所以用一根无形的绳索把左后脚牢车地拴在城东Lo公里的麓台塔上，把这条腿都拉宜了。

在南门外左右各有一口井，人们说那就是神龟的一对明亮的眼睛。

在市中心，也就是龟心的位置，还修有一座市楼，就是我们看到的那座高踞众屋之上的楼，在市楼楼顶两坡上，还用黄、蓝两色琉璃瓦拼出双喜字相寿字，它充分体现了古城独特的文化氛围，表达了乎迢人民良好的愿望，这可以说是龟城城建构思的画龙点暗之作了。

　　乎遥城内文物众多，西南方向那一片覆盖琉璃的建筑，就是城隍庙、财神庙建筑群，近处观看，可以见到它馆角高挑、群昂飞动、油漆彩绘的壮丽景色。

在它附近很显眼的那座现代大楼是平适中学教学楼。

文庙大成殿就在校园内，从这里看不清蔑。

为保护原来的风貌，古城中一般是不准建楼的，干迢人却为学校破例修了一座教学楼，足见对教育的重视。

平迢中学也不负众望，一直以优异的成绩保持着这所省级重点中学在省内的领先地位一个我们山西导游非常熟悉的平遥人，来过山西的游客你一定见过这位老先生，沧桑的外表下是一颗火热而至诚的心，乐观的性格也一定给您留下了深刻的印象，今天我把他也请到这里，尊称他为“平遥旅游形象大使”如果您来过这座北方魅力小城，希望老先生可以勾起你的回忆，如果您还没有来，那就别犹豫了，背起您的行囊，平遥古城欢迎您

导游考试面试的时候所抽取的景点是自己选择性讲解的吗

抽签讲解只有广场、故宫、长城、天坛、颐和园、长陵、定陵，没有孔庙，其余景点会以问题的方式出现，讲解也是抽到那段算那段，个别上诉提到的景点大的只讲一段，景点小的可能会通讲