英汉旅游景点介绍文本对比与翻译

天津市财贸管理千部学院学报　JUNLO　INI　SIUEO　IACA　N　OECALMAAEN　ORA　FTAJNITTT　FFNNILADCMMRI　NGMETN第十三卷21年第1期　01英汉旅游景点介绍文本对比与翻译　马国志　天津对外经济贸易职业学院，津天302　021

【要】游景点文本涵盖了旅游景观的历史渊源、格特色、观价值等内容，摘旅风景目的是使游客了解景区在人文、　历史和自然景观方面的知识，激发游览兴趣。

英、民族不同的文化传统、维方式和审美习惯形成了不同的语言特　汉思点。

英语句式构架严整、达思维缜密、文注重逻辑性、词强调简洁自然；语行文讲究四六骈体、构整齐、　表行用汉结用词华美、韵和谐。

在英汉旅游文本翻译过程中，者要突出其文本功能，音译确保译文信息传递的准确性和完整性。

因　此，游文本译文要做到客观准确、白易懂，且具有可读性。

旅明并　

【键词】点介绍文本；比：译　关景对翻冲图分类号】359fH1．　文献标识鹤】　Af文童编号】0895（010—040　10—0521）10

英汉旅游文本对比与翻译

摘要：旅游文本起着导引的作用，其翻译的好坏直接影响到宣传效果。

本文基于前人的研究成果，对英汉旅游文本的差异进行分析，旨在揭示这种差异产生的原因，并提出相应的翻译策略和方法，从而使旅游文本翻译达到更好的效果。

关键词：旅游文本;差异;翻译一、引言随着旅游业的发展，旅游文本翻译的质量也越来越受到业内和业外人士的关注。

本文就英汉旅游文本的各自特征与差异展开论述，分析其产生的原因，并结合实例，提出相应的翻译方法，以期为翻译人员提供参考，推动旅游文本翻译的发展。

二、思维差异语言是思维的载体，受思维的支配，而思维也离不开语言来表述自身。

西方人的思维一般来说是直线的，而中国人的思维多是曲线的。

语言是思维的体现，思维决定了语篇特点。

所以英语行文结构为直线，汉语则为螺旋曲线。

在长期的发展过程中，两个不同的民族形成了不同的思维方式，因此导致了语言中修辞、用词手法的差异。

汉语的旅游文本中，经常使用对偶结构和四字格，达到音形意皆美、诗情画意盎然的效果，多仰仗辞藻的渲染而不是物象的明晰展示。

原文就像一张照片，将景物罗列：珍珠、珊瑚礁等。

而译文充分利用四字格的表达形式，把原本代表景物的词语变成了一副生动鲜活的海岛风光图

美国各大旅游景点 中英文 要著名的

公 black hill；黄石国家公园 Yellowstone National Park；自由女神像 Statue of liberty ；巴拿马运河Panama Canal拉大瀑布 Niagara Falls宫 White House……

英汉旅游语篇对比分析及英译策略

第2卷第l8期　2011年1月　　　　安徽工业大学学报（会科学版）社　JunlfAnu　iri　fTcnlgScaSics　orao　hiUnvsto　ehooy（oi　cee）　eylnV0．8，No11Z．　JnayO1aur，2l　英汉旅游语篇对比分析及英译策略　张君　（安徽工业大学外国语学院，安徽马鞍山230）402　摘要：汉旅游语篇由于受语言和文化差异影响，词汇、英在句子、篇层面都具有差异。

汉语旅游语篇英译时，语　译者可采取增译、译、写等翻译策略，到吸引游客的目的。

减重达　关键词：语；英汉语；游语篇；译策略　旅翻中图分类号：1．　H359文献标识码：　A文章编号：6194（010　060　17—2721）108—3CotatAnlssadTasainSrtge　fEnlhadChns　ors　et　nrs　ayi　n　rnlto　taeiso　gi　n　ieeTuitTxssZIIANG　u　Jn（colo　oeg　agae，AHUT，Maasa　4

我要加拿大旅游景点的英文介绍

Members Guest: 大家上午好,欢迎大家来到风光秀丽的江北水城-----。

Good morning, welcome you to beautiful Jiangbei Shuicheng -----。

聊城。

Liaocheng. 孔子曰：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎

Confucius said: There are friends from afar? （对外省游客：山东民风纯厚，朴实无华，豪爽仗义的山东人热情欢迎各位嘉宾来此观光做客）首先做一下自我介绍…….今天能够担任大家的导游,我感到十分荣幸,希望我们共同度过一段轻松,愉快的时光。

(External province visitors: Shandong customs are simple and honest, unpretentious, bold and generous attempts Shandong people are very warm welcome to guests to appear on this tour) first introduced himself to do something ... .... Today, tour guides can take you, I am very honored and I hope our common spend a relaxed, enjoyable time. 聊城古称东昌府，位于山东省西部，黄河下游。

The old name for Dongchangfu Liaocheng, Shandong Province is located in the west, the Yellow River lower reaches. 总面积8715平方公里，人口566万。

A total area of 8715 square kilometers, population of

【第5句】：66 million. 聊城处于京九铁路与济邯铁路，济聊馆高速公路的交汇点上，是呼南应北，承东接西的重要交通枢纽，交通十分便利。

Liaocheng in the Beijing-Kowloon Railway and Jinan Han Railway, Ji-chat Hall on the intersection of highways, is call the South should be the north, linking the east with the west important transport hub, the traffic is very convenient. 从聊城一个小时可以到达济南国际机场，四小时到达青岛港，实现了一个小时上天，四个小时下海的战略目标。

Liaocheng an hour can be reached from the Jinan International Airport, four hours to reach port of Qingdao to realize heaven for an hour, four-hour sea"s strategic objectives. 聊城市内镶嵌着江北最大的城市内湖――东昌湖。

Embedded within the Jiangbei Liaocheng city"s largest lake - Lake Dongchang. 它始建于宋熙宁三年，就是1070年，共有八大湖区，水面面积

【第6句】：3平方公里，略小于杭州西湖，是我国江北地区最大的城市内湖。

It was built in Song Xining three years, that is, in 1070, a total of eight lake, surface area of

【第6句】：3 square kilometers, slightly smaller than West Lake in Hangzhou is China"s largest cities Jiangbei lake. 千顷湖水，晴如许，明如镜，景色秀丽，民间有“南有杭州西子秀，北有聊城胭脂美”的说法。

1000 ares lake, sunny, such as promise, bright as a mirror, beautiful scenery, people have the south, Hangzhou West show, the north Liaocheng rouge beauty argument. 湖水环绕着1平方公里的古城，古城中央耸立着巍峨的光岳楼，京杭大运河像一条玉带侧城，湖而过，形成了“城中有湖，湖中有城，城、湖、河三位一体”的独特格局。

1 square kilometer lake, surrounded by ancient city, the ancient city stands a towering central light Yue House, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, like a jade belt side of the city, lake and had formed a city within a lake, there are city, town, lake, river trinity a unique pattern. 我们聊城是一座国家级历史文化名城，现有全国重点文物保护单位九处（山陕会馆，光岳楼，曹植墓，景阳岗，钞关，鳌头矶，清真寺，舍利塔） We Liaocheng is a state-level historical and cultural city, the existing national key cultural relics protection units 9 (Shan Shan Hall, the light Yue House, Cao Zhi"s tomb, Jingyang Gang, note off, Ngau Tau Angeles, mosques, stupas) 明清时期的京杭大运河为聊城带来了长达400多年的繁荣昌盛，曾被誉为“漕挽之咽喉，天都之肘腋，江北一都会”。

Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal for Liaocheng brought up to 400 years of prosperity, has been called watercourse draft of the throat, every day of the Zhou Ye, Jiangbei a will. 建于明代的光岳楼，全为木质结构，“虽黄鹤，岳阳亦当拜望”。

Built in the Ming-generation optical Yue floor are all wooden structure, although Huang, Yueyang sort should call on. 建于清初的山陕会馆，雕梁画栋，富丽堂皇，是我国古代会馆建筑中不可多得的艺术杰作。

Jian Yuqing Shan mountains in the early Hall, magnificently decorated, magnificent, is rare in ancient China Center building works of art. 清代四大私人藏书楼之一的海源阁，“收藏之丰富，为海内之甲观”。

The Qing Dynasty, one of the four major private collection of the sea floor, the source Pavilion, collection of the rich, for the inside and of a concept. 东昌三宝之一的宋代铁塔，古朴典雅，苍劲挺拔。

Sambo Song, one of the Fairmont Tower, simple and elegant, vigorous upright. 在市区周围，还分布着曹植墓，古阿井，迷魂阵，鳌头矶等一大批名胜古迹，阳谷的狮子楼，景阳岗早已成为水浒旅游线路上的重要景点。

Around in the urban areas, but also the distribution of the Tomb of Cao Zhi, the ancient Arab wells, scam, Ngau Tau Angeles and other large number of attractions, Yanggu of Shizi Lou, Jing Yanggang Water Margin has become a major attraction on the tourist routes. 另外，大家熟知的文学名著《水浒传》、《金瓶梅》、《聊斋志异》、《老残游记》，都与古聊城有着不解的渊源。

In addition, the well-known literary classic The Water Margin, Golden Lotus, Liao Zhai Zhi Yi, Travels of Lao Can, has puzzled Liaocheng with ancient origins. 聊城也是个人杰地灵的地方，是著名学者傅斯年，季羡林，国画大师李苦禅，民族英雄范筑先、张自忠，和领导干部的楷模孔繁森同志的故乡。

Liaocheng is also a place where outstanding people are well-known scholar Fu, Ji Xianlin, Chinese painting master Li Yan, built the first national hero, Fan, Zhang Zhizhong, a role model and leading cadres of Comrade Kong Fansen hometown. 近年来，聊城的旅游业发展很快，同时也带动了很多相关产业的发展。

In recent years, Liaocheng"s tourism industry developed rapidly, but also pushed a lot of related industries. 市旅游局还推出了一些比较经典的线路：如工业旅游，红色旅游，生态健身游等。

City Tourism Bureau has also introduced some of the more classic lines: such as industrial tourism, red tourism, eco-fitness tours. 其中工业旅游的线路想必也是大家都非常熟悉的：这就是中通客车有限公司――高唐时风农用车集团――东阿阿胶集团――阳谷凤祥集团。

Line of industrial tourism must have also all too familiar: this is the Link Bus Co., Ltd. - Gaotang when the wind farm vehicle group - Dong-E E-Jiao Group - Yanggu Fengxiang Group. 前三个都是上市公司。

The first three are listed companies. 纺织，医药，机械，造纸，电力，化工，等都是聊城的支柱产业。

Textiles, pharmaceuticals, machinery, paper making, electric power, chemicals, etc. are all Liaocheng"s pillar industries. 东阿阿胶的出口量占全国的90％以上，时风农用车在产量，效益，利税等方面居全国同行业之首。

A donkey-hide gelatin East exports accounted for more than 90% of the country, when the wind farm vehicles in the production, efficiency, profits and taxes, etc. ranking first in the same industry. 我市的化肥，客车，拖拉机，造纸等产品在国内亦占有重要地位。

City of chemical fertilizers, buses, tractors, paper and other products are also occupies an important position in the country. 农产品加工企业发展迅速，肉牛，肉鸡，食用菌等农副产品销往五大洲四十多个国家。

The rapid development of agricultural product processing enterprises, beef, chicken, mushroom and other agricultural products are sold to more than 40 countries on five continents. 说起旅游啊，我们都知道它由六个方面组成“吃住行游购娱”，在这些里面呢，“吃”是大家都非常在意的一项。

Speaking of tourism ah, we all know it by the six formed a meals, lodging, travel purchase entertainment in these inside it, eat is the one we are very concerned about. 既要讲究营养，卫生，又要吃到当地特色。

We should pay attention to nutrition, health, and also eat the local characteristics. 下面我就给大家介绍一下我们聊城的特色小吃：（均要做详细说明） Here I will give you about the characteristics of what we Liaocheng snack: (all to be done details) （1）圆铃大枣，滋补健身（2）魏氏熏鸡（3）呱嗒（4）高唐驴肉（5）冠县鸭梨 (1) The round bell jujube, nourishing Fitness (2) Clostridium Smoked Chicken (3) clack (4) Gaotang Donkey (5) Guanxian Pear 中英对照，不做吧。

关于我家乡聊城的。

关于武汉的旅游景点介绍 (中英对照)

武汉有座大森林 九峰城市森林保护区　　穿行在大森林中，体验自然、古朴和野趣——很多人都不知道，武汉有座面积相当于近90个中山公园的大森林。

　　九峰城市森林保护区把洪山区的两山（九峰山、马鞍山）、三园（九峰国家森林公园、马鞍山森林公园、石门峰名人文化园）连为一体，形成总面积超过27平方公里的大森林。

　　森林内有山20多座，足不出市，观满山红叶，赏遍地野花，品四季美果。

　　“森林十八景”是保护区的核心景点。

“晓塘春色”只见满池碧水，片片莲叶静卧池中，莲花婷婷绽放。

远处九峰山郁郁葱葱，令人心旷神怡，踏上木桥，临池观鱼赏莲。

这个初春， “茶园晓雾”、“梅林疏影”、“桃园溪涧”纷纷展露芳容。

　　让我们一起去感受“森林、生态、自然、野趣”……　　A Large Forest In Wuhan　　To experience the nature, simplicity and rustic charm — many people don’t know in Wuhan there is a forest which is as large as 90 Zhongshan Parks.　　Jiufeng Urban Forest Reserve integrates Hongshan’s two hills and three parks into a whole, forming a large forest, the area of which surpasses 27 square meters.　　There are more than 20 hills in the forest. Citizens can enjoy the red leaves, wild flowers and fruits without leaving Wuhan.　　The “18 scenic spots” are the core of the forest. “Spring Scenery by the Lotus Pond”: lotus leaves are floating and lotus flowers are blossoming on the blue water. The lush Jiufeng Mountain makes one feel relaxed and happy. In early spring, there are such scenic spots as Tea Garden Mist, Plum Forest and Peach Garden Stream etc.　　Let’s experience the “forest, ecology, nature and rustic charm” ……　　顶级演艺平台畅想八艺节序曲——武汉琴台大剧院　　落成后的琴台大剧院将是武汉市最高档的演艺平台，往来长江一桥，琴台大剧院成就又一新的亮点。

这个从破土之前就倍受社会关注的工程到底是什么模样

今天，我们一起走进琴台大剧院一探其整体构造和内部声线的究竟

　　八艺节的主会场琴台大剧院，从远处看去，它外伸的构件既像是钢琴敲击的簧片，又似当空飞舞的水袖。

粗旷、张扬之中蕴涵着丰富的楚文化内涵。

　　源于对楚文化的理解，琴台大剧院采用了国内同类剧院中独有的原创设计。

　　走近琴台大剧院，首先印入眼帘的是正立面与玻璃相间的八条古铜色面板和两侧呈飘带状的四条巨无霸构件。

玻璃与铜板相间，宛如“琴键飞奔”；凌空飞架的四条钢架，又似高山流水、水袖当舞。

　　进入剧院大堂，抬眼望去仿佛是一副传统与现代交织画卷。

传统之中，土黄色与黑白相间的各种造型，饱含着高山流水觅知音的意境；现代意识之下，从点缀搭配到幕墙构造，无不蕴藏着一种活泼、热烈的生命张力。

　　在外面我们感受到的是浓郁的楚文化特色，而走进琴台大剧院，扑面而来的是一股现代气息。

高大的玻璃幕墙看似简单，实际上蕴涵着丰富的科技含量。

琴台大剧院项目总监魏庆东谈到其中奥秘。

“我们这个玻璃幕墙叫做点式玻璃幕墙，也叫单锁玻璃幕墙。

和其他的幕墙最主要的区别就在于它的支撑结构是非常简洁的，我们可以看到它就是一个横向和纵向的锁采用预应力结构，把它张拉之后提供一个支撑体系，它的锁和玻璃的分隔缝是重合的，整个来说，这面墙看上去就是一整块玻璃，没有多余的结构，非常干净和整洁。

”　　来到正在进行最后的设备安装与调试的演出大厅，就仿佛置身于编磬合奏的楚国乐池，顿时就有一种就想一展歌喉、高山放歌的冲动。

　　琴台大剧院的歌剧场是一个面积达1000多平方米的大舞台，所在的位置可以容纳1800位观众的观众厅，分为上下三层，特别的是在这个舞台上表演歌剧演员们不再需要话筒，坐在最后一排的观众都能够听的清清楚楚。

秘密何在

琴台大剧院总工程师俞永敏为我们揭开了谜底。

“ 这个观众厅的设计有两个特点，第一个在设计的时候，采用了计算机的模拟声场设计，每个座位听到声音的清晰度、饱和度都非常好。

第二为了满足剧场的多功能性，我们设计了可控混响系统，不仅可以演出歌剧、戏曲，还可以演出舞剧和其他类的综艺类的节目。

”　　2007年第八届中国艺术节的主会场——琴台大剧院位于湖北武汉的汉水之滨、月湖之畔。

总投资

【第15句】：7亿元。

由一个1800座的大剧院和一个400座的多功能厅以及排练厅、艺术展览厅、中西餐厅等辅助用房组成，总建筑面积65000多平方米。

建成以后，将成为湖北武汉档次最高的文化艺术表演场所。

　　Wuhan Qintai Theatre　　Looking from a distance, Qintai Theatre, a place where the 8th China Arts Festival will be held, looks like piano reeds and sleeves flying in the sky, which embodies the connotation of Chu culture.　　Based on the characteristics of Chu culture, Qintai Theatre adopts the unique design of similar theatres.　　As you approach the theatre, jumping into your sight are eight bronze plates and the four huge components that look like ribbons. Between the glass and bronze plates are “piano keys” and the four steel frames look like stream running from high mountains and sleeves flying in the sky.　　The hall of the theatre looks like a scroll painting that combines tradition with modernity: there are varied shapes in yellowish brown and white and black; a lively and enthusiastic touch is embodied in decoration, match and curtain wall.　　The outside of the theater is characterized by Chu culture features while the inside embodies a modern touch. The tall glass-curtain wall which looks simple contains high tech elements.　　The performance hall looks like an orchestra pit of Chu Kingdom. You will feel an irresistible impulse to sing.　　The Opera Theatre is a huge stage, the area of which is over 1000 square meters. The 1800-seat audience hall consists of three levels. The audience sitting in the last row can hear clearly although performers do not use microphones. What is the secret? Yu Yongmin, the chef engineer, told us, “The design of the hall has two characteristics: firstly, the computer simulation of sound fields is adopted when it was designed; secondly, we designed the controllable reverberation system which is suitable for opera, dance and other artistic performances”.　　

【Links】　　In 2007, the 8th China Arts Festival will be held in Qintai Theatre located besides the Han River and Moon Lake. The total investment is

【第1句】：57 billion yuan. The theatre composed of an 1800-seat showplace, 400-seat multifunctional hall, research hall, arts exhibition hall, Chinese and western restaurants, covers an area of more than 650000 square meters. After the completion of construction, the theatre will become a performance place of highest grade in Hubei.　　天下绝景 气吞云梦——黄鹤楼　　The Imposing Yellow Crane Tower　　黄鹤楼雄踞长江之滨，蛇山之首，背倚万户林立的武昌城，面临汹涌浩荡的扬子江，相对古雅清俊晴川阁，登上黄鹤楼，武汉三镇的旖旎风光历历在目，辽阔神州的锦绣山河也遥遥在望。

由于这独特的地理位置，以及前人流传至今的诗词、文赋、楹联、匾额、摩岩石刻和民间故事，使黄鹤楼成为山川与人文景观相互倚重的文化名楼，与湖南岳阳楼、江西滕王阁并称为“江南三大名楼”，素来享有“天下绝景”和“天下江山第一楼”的美誉。

　　关于黄鹤楼因何而建，流传下来很多的传说，这就更给黄鹤楼增加了几分神秘色彩，引得无数人景仰。

　　传说一：　　一千多年前，有位姓辛的老人在蛇山上开了酒店，常客中有一道士，回回喝酒不买酒菜，只用随身带着的水果下酒。

店主人揣想他一定清贫，执意不收他的酒钱，同他交了朋友，道士也不推辞，就此领受。

一天，他用橘子佐酒，饮罢，用橘皮在酒店的壁上画了一只黄鹤，自言道：“酒客至拍手，鹤即下飞舞。

”遂去，再也没有见他回来。

　　店中吃酒的人里，有好奇的，想当场试试，面对壁上的画拍手，那黄鹤展翅飞下，在店外舞了一圈，又复原位，此事迅速传开，酒店大旺，连店里的井水也喝干了。

当地一名贪官借口要除妖，命人把那面墙壁移到官府，谁想船行到中途，黄鹤抖翅飞走了，贪官追鹤，葬身江中。

卖酒老人为怀念仙鹤，在原址建立了黄鹤楼。

　　传说二：　　黄鹤楼始建于三国吴黄武二年，公元223年，当时吴主孙权处于军事目的，在形势险要的夏口城即今天的武昌城西南面朝长江处，修筑了历史上最早的黄鹤楼。

黄鹤楼在群雄纷争，战火连绵的三国时期，只是夏口城一角嘹望守戍的“军事楼”，晋灭东吴以后，三国归于一统，该楼在失去其军事价值的同时，随着江夏城的发展，逐步演变成为官商行旅“游必于是”、“宴必于是”的观赏楼。

　　往事越千年，黄鹤楼时毁时建、时隐时现，历经战火硝烟，沧海桑田，仅明、清两代黄鹤楼分别七建七毁。

公元1884年，清代的最后一座楼阁在一场大火中化为灰烬，百年后，一座金碧辉煌、雄伟壮观的楼阁在武汉横空出世，正可谓千古风云传盛事，三楚江山独此楼。

　　ocated on the top of Snake Hill, the Yellow Crane Tower stands against Wuchang, faces the vast Yangtze River and the elegant Qingchuan Pavilion. Ascending the tower, you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Wuhan.　　Thanks to its unique geological location, and the poems, proses, couplets and folk stories, the Yellow Crane Tower is reputed as one of the “three famous towers south of the Yangtze River”. It enjoys such titles as “best scenery under heaven” and “the first tower under heaven”　　There are many legends about the reason why the Yellow Crane tower was built, which brings mystery to the tower and attracts many people to admire the tower.　　legend 1　　More than 1000 years ago, an old man surnamed Xin ran a restaurant on Snake Hill. A Taoist who was a regular visitor never ordered dishes, but drank wine with fruits he brought along. The owner refused to accept the Taoist’s money, assuming that he was poor. They became friends. One day, the Taoist drew a yellow crane on the wall with the orange skin, said, “The crane will dance upon hearing the clap”. Then he left and never returned.　　The curious customers clapped their hands and the crane flew from the wall, danced and then returned to its original place. The restaurant became very famous as the story was widely spread. A corrupt official ordered somebody to move the wall to the local authorities. But the crane flew away and the official chased after the crane but drowned in the river. The old man selling wine built the Yellow Crane Tower on the original site to commemorate the crane.　　Legend 2　　The tower was first built in 223 A.D of the Three Kingdoms Period. Sun Quan, the King of Wu built the earliest Yellow Crane Tower on the Town of Wuchang. During the Three Kingdoms Period, the tower served a significant military purpose. After the three kingdoms were united, with the development of the city, the tower lost its military value and gradually became an ornamental tower.　　The tower was built and ruined many times and undergone many wars and changes. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tower was built and ruined seven times. In 1184 A.D., the tower was reduced to ashes. One hundred years later, a magnificent tower, the only one in China, appeared in Wuhan.　　城市之眼——东湖　　Eyes of the City - East Lake　　一个城市的湖是一个城市的眼睛；透过一个城市的眼睛可以看到一个城市的过去、现在和未来；可以看到一个城市的天、一个城市的地、一个城市的文化和经济。

　　西湖是杭州的眼睛，东湖是武汉的魂魄，如果说西湖之美在于她的小巧，在于小家碧玉的精致与秀气，那么东湖之美应该在于她的大气，在于大家闺秀的气质神韵和埋藏千年的底蕴流长……　　“只说西湖在帝都，武昌又说新东湖。

一围烟浪六十里，几队寒鸦千百雏。

野目迢迢遮去雁，渔舟点点映飞鸟。

如何不作钱塘景，要与江城作画图。

”南宋诗人袁说友这首《游武昌东湖》诗作过去千年，如今的东湖，面积是杭州西湖的6倍，是中国最大的城中湖，全国首批4A级旅游区，国家级风景名胜区……　　文化给风景穿上了高贵的衣服，使她呈现出文明的魅力，就像知识分子会给一个相貌堂堂的人增添魅力一样，有了知识和风度的人便成为有气质的人，有了文化积淀的风景则也成为了有气质的风景，而东湖就是这样一个包容了太多历史文化的湖。

　　东湖的美，浓妆淡抹，神采不同；阴晴雨雪，风韵万千。

东湖的美，在于晴中见潋滟，雨中显空灵。

窈窕曲折的湖道，串以长堤春柳、磨山赏梅、武大赏樱等两岸景点，俨然一副天然秀美的国画长卷。

　　东湖，清新与凝重、自然与典雅、质朴与华丽并举。

这种和谐的感知，构成了一个辽阔高远的艺术空间，是景非景，是境非境，给人以无穷无尽的想象：或倚栏卧听风雨声，或醉里挑灯看剑，或临风高歌，或对酒畅饮，或约三五知己谈古论今，吟诗赏画，或约一人品茶静思……　　江湖一城梦， 明月百年心。

但愿若干年以后，此梦此心不会被城市的喧嚣与浮华所吞噬。

　　akes, the eyes of a city, represent the past, present and future of a city, embody everything of a city: culture and economy etc.　　The West Lake is the eyes of Hangzhou while the East Lake is the soul of Wuhan. The beauty of the West Lake lies in its exquisiteness and prettiness while the East Lake is like a girl from a noble family: her beauty lies in her temperament and the thousand-year-old cultural deposit.　　Culture is the noblest cloth of a landscape, which embody the charm of the landscape just as knowledge adds charm and temperature to a handsome man. A landscape with cultural deposit is a landscape of elegant disposition. The East Lake is a lake boasting a long history and deep-rooted culture.　　The East Lake is fresh, dignified, natural, elegant, simple but magnificent, which forms a harmonious artistic space. Here, you can listen to the sound of wind and rain, or sing loudly in the wind or drink to your heart’s content, or talk over past and present with your friends, or chant poems and admire paintings, or taste tea and meditate …　　The East Lake is a hundred-year-old dream of the city. We wish that the dream wouldn’t be swallowed by the bustle and vanity of the city.　　方寸之间 追溯千年——湖北省博物馆　　Hubei Provincial Museum　　一件具体的物品，一段具体的历史，都能见证一个城市的深度和内涵。

对于武汉这个充满活力，又有一副老江湖风味的城市来说，她的珍贵之处在于新旧并存所迸发的独特魅力，让我们通过湖北省博物馆这双洞察一切的眼睛，走进楚文化的世界吧

　　不愿逛博物馆，是因为我们无法以逛的心态面对，在幽光下的青铜器、漆木器、金玉器，让我们注视的目光陡然凝重。

凝重是因为它浓缩了我们楚国的文化。

当年的尊盘、鹿角立鹤、漆盖豆、鸳鸯盒……件件见证了楚国的文化和武汉这座城市的历史。

它们值得我们炫耀，也值得我们凝视。

　　A specific piece of good and the history can represent the depth and connotation of a city. For a city which is as vigorous as Wuhan, the charm lies in its combination of the new and old. Let"s walk into the world of culture via Hubei Provincial Museum, the eyes of Wuhan.　　Usually we are not willing to visit museum because we don"t have the right mood. At the sight of the bronze ware, lacquer ware, golden and jade articles, we look dignified because these goods represent the culture of Hubei province. The plate, bronze ware featuring deer and crane etc; All these witness the culture of Hubei province and the history of Wuhan. They are worth admiring and flaunting　　一样的江滩 不一样的美景　　Beautiful Riverside　　一个夏日的傍晚，五时刚过，烈日余威尚存，市民们便已三三两两向江滩聚集。

欢声笑语中，玩健身器械的、跳舞的、打太极的、放风筝的……听在江滩摆摊放风筝的人说，其实那些长跑的人才厉害，他们每个人都是万米长跑家，“从这头到那头，跑一个来回有7000米，再加一个圈，就有一万米了，天天都跑

”　　晚霞满天，人越来越多。

清凉的江风中，粤汉码头附近的平坦路上，足登溜冰鞋的孩子们，在游人间穿梭嬉戏；滨江步行道上，白发苍苍的老夫妇手挽着手，悠闲漫步；绿化景观和大型水景、夜景交融的中心广场，一群群舞蹈爱好者随着音乐翩翩起舞……　　——记者拍摄江滩实景　　滔滔江水滚滚而来，到武汉伸出双臂，将三镇一把揽到了怀里

于是武汉的全民健身旋律就带上了江与水的韵味。

　　说到武汉哪里最美丽，相信很多武汉人都会推荐江滩。

武汉的江滩——那个集防洪、景观、旅游、休闲、体育健身为一体，以绿色为基调、亲水为主题、地域文化为底蕴、人与自然和谐、城市与江河相互融合的风景长卷，现已然成为镶嵌在长江中游的一颗璀璨明珠。

　　在武汉三镇的水景中，汉口江滩可谓是这座滨江城市中一道最美丽的风景。

清晨，可到江滩晨跑锻炼，傍晚则可以邀约家人漫步，感受习习江风，而华灯初上之时，江边各栋建筑物灯火辉煌，交相辉映，散发出迷人的光芒，美好的生活锦卷已然展开

武汉的全民健身场地设施——江滩公园最具特色。

从天津路入口，气势恢弘的波形门楼便把喧嚣、忙乱的城市生活阻隔在堤外。

江堤之间，是一片清新的“绿”。

小径、竹林、假山、喷泉、雕塑……五彩灿烂的花草，一应俱全的休闲设施，这条让人心旷神怡的滨江休闲带伴着滔滔江水一直伸向远方

江滩公园内有长椅供游人休息观景，清晨，喜欢锻炼的人们的最好去处便是那里，伫立江边，“不尽长江滚滚来”；夜晚，灿艳的灯光、习习的江风，让人留连忘返。

　　江滩公园，耗数亿，汉口江滩休闲健身带南北绵延公里。

占主旋律的健身区，更是集网球场、滑冰场、健身步道、游泳池等健身场于一体。

一眼望不到头的健身长廊上分布着扭腰机、漫步机、骑马机、滑道等健身器材，可同时满足千余人使用。

工作之余或节假日，武汉市民们从四面八方奔向江滩。

在水与天之间，在劲吹的江风里，享受着体育带来愉悦。

　　滚滚长江水，流过人们的脚边。

环境改变人。

人与自然的和谐，带来了人们之间的友善平和。

曾经粗犷豪气的武汉人，如今和这城市一同修整着自己，向着优雅与平和。

　　2007年六城会，江滩展示给世人的，一定会是带着江城特别风韵的美丽面貌。

　　江滩是武汉开放式景区点之一，除此之外更有“城市绿肺”之称的湿地公园——解放公园；有最大、最完备游乐设施的中山公园；东湖风景区的听涛区也改为开放式景区……　　t dusk of a summer day when the sun was still burning, people gathered at the riverside. They laughed happily, did exercises, danced, did Taiji or flied kites. Peddlers selling kites said the long-distance runners were really fantastic. “They ran 7000 meters from this side to that side. Plus another circle, they run about 10,000 meters everyday”.　　As the evening clouds fell, more and more people came. There were children who wore roller skates and played among the tourists. On the pedestrian street, a grey-haired couple were strolling leisurely hand in hand. On the central square, dance lovers were dancing to music.　　— Scenery at the riverside photographed by the reporter　　The vast Yangtze River divides Wuhan into three towns. Thus, the bodybuilding of Wuhanese has something to do with the river and water.　　When asked which place of Wuhan is the most beautiful, Wuhanese will recommend the riverside. The riverside which integrates flood control, scenery, tour, leisure and sports into a whole and which harmonizes human and nature, the city and the river has become a brilliant pearl of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.　　Of all the water scenes of Wuhan, Hankou’s riverside is the most beautiful. In the early morning, you can run or do exercises at the riverside. At dusk, you can stroll around the riverside with your family. As the night falls, the lights of buildings add radiance and beauty to each other. The scroll of life has been unfolded!　　The bodybuilding facilities in the Riverside Park are the most distinguished. At the entrance of Tianjin Road, the imposing wave-shaped gate blocks off the bustle of the city. There is a vast piece of “green” at the riverside: alleys, bamboo forest, rockwork, fountain and sculpture etc. There are a complete set of entertainment facilities and a leisure belt stretching into the far distance together with the flowing water.　　There are benches for tourists to take a rest and have a sightseeing. In the early morning, the riverside is the best place for exercisers. At night, the brilliant light and breeze make people feel reluctant to leave.　　The Riverside Park cost hundreds of billion of yuan. The leisure belt of Hankou’s riverside stretches for several kilometers. The bodybuilding zone boasts such facilities as tennis court, skating rink, footpath, swimming pool, waist-twisting machine, running machine, horse riding machine, which can be used by thousands of people simultaneously. On holidays, citizens come to the riverside from all the directions to enjoy the breeze and pleasure of sports.　　Compared with the charming and imposing riverside of Hankou, Wuchang’s riverside is simple and natural. The First Sightseeing Stand of the Yangtze River written by He Zuohuan, a famous artist, described the particularity of Wuchang’s riverside.　　The vast river flows through the city. Environment changes people. The harmony between humans and nature bring friendship and peace. The straightforward Wuhanese are changing and they are becoming more elegant and gentle.　　At the Sixth City Games 2007, the riverside will display the beauty and charm of Wuhan.

中英文对照导游词

北京天安门 中英文导游词Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps: 1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony) 2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower. 3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed. 4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites. 5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country. Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”. During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities. On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution. The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept. The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west. The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament. The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely. In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration. On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine\\\\a. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper. Tian’anmen Square Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st. Around the Square are several famous buildings: 1 The Great Hall of the People This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features. 2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution These two museums were also built in 19

【第59句】： the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from

【第1句】：7 million years ago to 1919: 1) The Primitive Society(

【第1句】：7 million years ago to the 21st century BC); 2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.); 3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.); 4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 19

【第19句】：) The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 19

【第49句】： 3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 19

【第58句】： in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value. On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai. At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 18

【第40句】： They are: 1) The Burning of Opium in 1840: 2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi; 3) The Revolution of 1911; 4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919; 5) The May 30th Movement of 1925; 6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi; 7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945; 8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 19

【第49句】： This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”. 4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 19

【第76句】： In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 19

【第77句】： The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 19

【第49句】： The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children. Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country. In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him. On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country. Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 19

【第99句】： 各位游客朋友： 我们我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。

大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。

我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。

大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。

（手势，向北指）大家先向这边看。

（稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向）我爱北京--天-安-门。

一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。

除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。

大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。

纪念碑南边的建筑就是毛主席纪念堂，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。

天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。

和她相对着的，（手势，向西指）西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的人民大会堂。

关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。

好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。

拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。

另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。

给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家. 下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。

天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年（1417），最初叫做承天门，取承天启运，受命于天之意。

清顺治八年（1651年）重修而改名天安门，含受命于天和安邦治民的意思。

至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。

天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。

城楼通高

【第34句】：7米。

城台上的大殿宽九楹（

【第62句】：77米），进深五楹（

【第27句】：25米），象征封建帝王的九五至尊。

大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。

南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。

1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。

在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。

皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。

那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢

这位朋友答的对，不是。

大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗

（稍做停顿）让我来告诉大家。

此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫；皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次；新科状元等金殿传胪后，可从中门出宫一回。

除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。

中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。

过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门 好好天安门的设计者是蒯（kuǎi）祥。

蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。

蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。

燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经靖难之役取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。

永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门（初名承天门）等宏伟建筑。

蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。

当时人们尊称他为蒯鲁班。

蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。

天安门是明清两朝历代帝王金凤颁诏的重地，凡遇国家庆典、新帝即位、皇帝结婚、册立皇后，都需要在此举行颁诏仪式。

届时于城楼大殿前正中设立宣诏台。

由礼部尚书在紫禁城太和殿奉接皇帝诏书，盖上御宝，把诏书敬放在云盘内，捧出太和门，置于抬着的龙亭内，再出午门，登上天安门城楼。

然后将诏书恭放于宣诏台上，由宣诏官进行宣读。

文武百官按等级依次排列于金水桥南，面北而跪恭听。

宣诏完毕，就把皇帝诏书衔放在一只木雕金凤的嘴里，再用黄绒绳从上系下，礼部官员托着朵云盘在下跪接，接着用龙亭将诏书抬到礼部，经黄纸誊写，分送各地，布告天下。

这种颁发封建帝王圣旨礼仪的全过程，就叫做金凤颁诏。

好好我国古代有人生四喜的说法，也就是久旱逢甘霖，他乡遇故知，洞房花烛夜，金榜题名时。

现在，问大家一个有意思的问题，哪位朋友知道，金榜题名的金榜张贴在什么地方

（稍停，待游客猜测）到底在哪里呢

请听我下文分解。

明清时代盛行科举制度，每逢殿试后的第三天，新考中的进士们恭立于天安门金水桥南，等候传呼他们进太和殿朝拜皇帝的礼仪，名叫金殿传胪。

当在太和殿传胪唱名后，礼部官员捧着皇帝钦定的黄榜，带领新科状元、榜眼、探花们出午门，再将黄榜放在龙亭内，在鼓乐仪仗的簇拥下抬出天安门，将黄榜张贴于龙门，也就是当时的长安左门外的龙棚里，公布天下，这里就是张贴金榜的地方，长安左门的位置大致是现在的劳动人民文化宫门前东南侧。

天安门历经沧桑，在新中国成立后，更焕发出了耀人的光彩。

1949年的10月1日，毛泽东主席在天安门城楼上向全世界宣布了社会主义新中国的诞生，天安门不再是至高无上的封建皇权的象征，而成为了一个新生的人民民主国家的标志，在国徽图案的中央，我们可以看到这座庄严雄伟的建筑。

建国以后，这里成为国家举行重大庆典活动的场所，特别是每逢国庆，党和国家领导人都要登上天安门城楼主持庆典并和各界群众联欢。

天安门前的金水河又称御河、外金水河。

河上横跨七座石桥，中桥正对天安门的中门，叫御路桥，最宽大，雕龙修饰，供帝、后专用。

两旁桥名王公桥，为宗室王公行走。

外侧的两桥称品级桥，供三品以上官员通行。

以上五桥均为三孔。

位于太庙（今劳动人民文化宫）和社稷坛（今中山公园）门前的单孔石桥，叫公生桥，为四品以下官员过往。

那时门、桥行走等级森严，不得有丝毫触犯。

天安门前，也是明清两代进行秋审和朝审的地方。

封建王朝的最高执法机关--刑部衙门，每年五月要把全国各省被判死刑的囚犯名单汇集起来，敬呈皇帝过目。

八月中旬，皇帝诏令有关官员在天安门前进行最后判决，这叫秋审。

朝审则在霜降后举行，主要终审在北京刑部监狱里关押的死刑犯。

这就是为什么以前被判处死刑的人要秋后问斩。

凡经秋审、朝审判处死刑的人，立即推出虎门--长安右门，押赴宣武门外的菜市口等刑场处决。

因此人们对长安左、右门，有龙门与虎门之称。

即凡出"龙门者，荣登金榜，前程似锦；而押出虎门者，则被终判死罪，毫无生还之望。

长安右门的位置大致是在现中山公园门前西南侧。

在天安门南北门外，分别耸立有一对雕刻精美、挺拔秀丽的云龙华表。

据《淮南子·主术训》记载，远在尧舜时代就有街头设表木的做法，用以王者纳谏，征求民众意见以治天下。

到秦汉时期，表木被改为指路标，叫华表。

后来华表经不断美化，便逐渐演变成为中国独具民族建筑特色的艺术装饰品，深为世人所青睐。

系神话传说中的神异物，用汉白玉石雕成蹲于每支华表顶端的承露盘中，双目炯炯有神，密切注视前方。

于天安门里的 脸朝北，双目紧盯皇宫，名望君出，它提醒皇帝不要迷恋深宫生活，而应及时出宫巡视，以利治理天下。

在天安门外一对华表的 则脸朝南，双目向远方眺望，名望君归。

它时时关注皇帝外巡中的行为举止，如不检点或时间长了，望君归就呼唤帝王不得沉米山水、野趣、而应早日回宫，料理国家大事。

好好天安门金水桥前的这一对大石狮，雕工精绝，造型逼真，威武异常。

它们的双目都紧紧注视着天安门前正中的御道（中轴线），以体现它们是封建帝王忠实的卫士身份。

朋友们来看西边的这一只石狮，它的肚皮上有一个深深的洞，这是怎么回事呢

这里有一个很有传奇色彩的故事，据说明代崇祯十七年（1644年）四月，农民起义军首领闯王李自成攻打北京时，当他率军冲进天安门前的T形广场后，只见皇城的大门--承天门就在眼前。

对此，他愤怒地拈弓搭箭，只听嗖….的一声，正射中承天门匾额的天字，顿时众军喝彩，欢声雷动，随后李闯王收起硬弓，挺枪跃马一直奔金水桥冲杀过去。

突然，桥头的两只大石狮张牙舞爪，凶猛阻挡去路。

闯王见此怒不可遏，挺枪刺去，即刻火花四溅，长枪戳向了一只狮子的腹部。

双狮见势不妙，拖着悲惨的哀鸣声，各自退回了原位。

现在的这个洞，就是枪伤疤了。

朋友们，我们面前的这条街就是有神州第一街美誉的长安街。

长安街，当年从长安左门至东单牌楼，名东长安街；从长安右门至西单牌楼，叫西长安街。

古时东西长安街仅

【第3句】：7公里，有十里长街之称，这是京城历史上有名的天街，其名取自盛唐时代的大都城--长安，含长治久安的之意。

长安街修筑于明朝永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），与皇城同时建造，是明代兴建北京城总体规划的重要组成部分之一。

东西平行走向的长安街，与纵横南北八公里长的御道中轴线，在天安门前正好垂直相交成准确的十字型经纬座标中心点，从而构成了北京城座北朝南，街巷纵横的总体布局。

原东、西长安左、右门前分别均竖有巨型下马碑，上刻官员人等，到此下马。

古代皇宫内是严禁骑马的，除非是金殿传胪时的新科状元，可骑皇帝御赐的高头大马，在长安街上走过，以示皇恩浩荡。

清王朝灭亡后，内城墙中东西两侧的建国门与复兴门在民国二十九年（1940）被打开的。

新中国成立以后，街面被展宽为50-100米，东西长安街的延伸线东达通州，西抵石景山，总长50公里，有百里长街的美称。

大家现在随我通过地下通道去天安门广场，上下台阶时请您注意安全。

（天安门广场） 我们现在处的这个位置是天安门广场，位于北京城的中心。

其南北长880米，东西宽500米，占地面积44万平方米。

可容纳100万人举行盛大的集会、游行，是当今世界上最宏大的城市中心广场和最著名的旅游胜地之一。

在明清时代，天安门广场是一处皇家禁地，由宫墙围护，仅设三门。

即南有大明门（清朝改称大清门，辛亥革命后叫中华门）、东有长安左门、西有长安右门。

三门之间形成一个封闭式的T字形宫廷广场，原是天安门前举行皇家活动的重要场所。

在T形广场的东、西、南三面，当时建有通脊联檐的朝房144间，名叫千步廊，以供场内活动之用。

清代乾隆年间，又在东、西长安左、右门外加筑三座门，严禁行人过往。

那时人们来往于东城和西城之间，需要绕行于大清门以南或地安门以北，极为不便。

在天安门T形广场东、西千步廊外的大片地带，原是明清两代皇家最高官署衙门的集结之地。

如：东侧（今历史博物馆一带）有礼部、户部、吏部、工部、兵部、宗人府、鸿胪寺、钦天监和太医院等中央文职机关。

西侧（人民大会堂一带）设有銮仪卫（御林军）太常寺、通政司和前、中、后、左、右五军都督府等武职机构。

过去有文东武西和东掌生、西掌死之说，指的就是这些关系到人们生死荣辱的封建王朝的最高权力衙门而言。

明清两朝，从天安门T形广场南端的大明门（清时叫大清门，今毛主席纪念堂一带）至正阳门之间，有一块方形场地，宛如棋盘，故有棋盘街之名。

当年人们喜爱在此贩卖风味小吃、小百货，以及表演戏曲、杂耍等，情似庙会，非常热闹。

由于